'Torching the Modern-Day Library of Alexandria
“Somewhere at Google there is a database containing 25 million books and nobody is allowed to read them.”'
Here is again, global CHAMBER OF COMMERCE ---NPR as is PBS these few decades of CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA selling the idea that trade jobs are high-paying and going to college/university is a bad choice. MOVING FORWARD dismantling of our strongest in world history access to broad 99% education K-university.
Almost all US 99% WE THE PEOPLE have watched these few decades as those global labor pool workers filled our US city development projects. We watched as our very capable US labor union apprenticeship system was dismantled as trade unionists were not hired. At the same time CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA defunding our US K-12 dismantled a strong vocational high school trade and technology shops.
NOW, global banking 5% are telling US WE THE PEOPLE we are not skilled enough as the goal of bringing a few billion of global labor pool to US FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES MOVES FORWARD.
All of these games with US education policy pretending RACE TO TOP is about helping our low-income and working class attain good paying trade jobs is PROPAGANDA. What may be a small pipeline of US trades workers receiving LIVING WAGE will END.
The American 99% WE THE PEOPLE may be fighting for REAL information but it takes no rocket scientist to understand we STILL HAVE GLOBAL BANKING 1% controlling our economy so if they can hire a global labor pool 99% and work them for free to little----that is to where these US CITIES DEEMED FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES will take our US trade workers. We understand our 5% freemason/Greeks have been told they are INSIDER BROTHERS----but global banking 1% have only one talent----LYING, CHEATING, AND STEALING.
ALL THIS TALK OF BUILDING A STRONG VOCATIONAL AND TRADE STRUCTURE TO REPLACE OUR PUBLIC K-UNIVERSITY WILL BENEFIT OUR 99% OF WORKING CLASS AND POOR TRADE WORKERS---IS PROPAGANDA.
High-Paying Trade Jobs Sit Empty, While High School Grads Line Up For University
High-Paying Trade Jobs Sit Empty, While High School Grads Line Up For University
April 25, 20184:33 PM ET
Heard on All Things Considered
Garret Morgan (center) is training as an ironworker near Seattle and already has a job that pays him $50,000 a year.
Like most other American high school students, Garret Morgan had it drummed into him constantly: Go to college. Get a bachelor's degree.
"All through my life it was, 'if you don't go to college you're going to end up on the streets,' " Morgan said. "Everybody's so gung-ho about going to college."
So he tried it for a while. Then he quit and started training as an ironworker, which is what he is doing on a weekday morning in a nondescript high-ceilinged building with a concrete floor in an industrial park near the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport.
Morgan and several other men and women are dressed in work boots, hard hats and Carhartt's, clipped to safety harnesses with heavy wrenches hanging from their belts. They're being timed as they wrestle 600-pound I-beams into place.
Seattle is a forest of construction cranes, and employers are clamoring for skilled ironworkers. Morgan, who is 20, is already working on a job site when he isn't at the Pacific Northwest Ironworkers shop. He gets benefits, including a pension, from employers at the job sites where he is training. And he is earning $28.36 an hour, or more than $50,000 a year, which is almost certain to steadily increase.
As for his friends from high school, "they're still in college," he said with a wry grin. "Someday maybe they'll make as much as me."
Some 30 million jobs in the United States that pay an average of $55,000 per year don't require bachelor's degrees.
Raising alarms
While a shortage of workers is pushing wages higher in the skilled trades, the financial return from a bachelor's degree is softening, even as the price — and the average debt into which it plunges students — keeps going up.
But high school graduates have been so effectively encouraged to get a bachelor's that high-paid jobs requiring shorter and less expensive training are going unfilled. This affects those students and also poses a real threat to the economy.
"Parents want success for their kids," said Mike Clifton, who teaches machining at the Lake Washington Institute of Technology, about 20 miles from Seattle. "They get stuck on [four-year bachelor's degrees], and they're not seeing the shortage there is in tradespeople until they hire a plumber and have to write a check."
In a new report, the Washington State Auditor found that good jobs in the skilled trades are going begging because students are being almost universally steered to bachelor's degrees.
Among other things, the Washington auditor recommended that career guidance — including choices that require less than four years in college — start as early as the seventh grade.
"There is an emphasis on the four-year university track" in high schools, said Chris Cortines, who co-authored the report. Yet, nationwide, three out of 10 high school grads who go to four-year public universities haven't earned degrees within six years, according to the National Student Clearinghouse. At four-year private colleges, that number is more than 1 in 5.
"Being more aware of other types of options may be exactly what they need," Cortines said. In spite of a perception "that college is the sole path for everybody," he said, "when you look at the types of wages that apprenticeships and other career areas pay and the fact that you do not pay four years of tuition and you're paid while you learn, these other paths really need some additional consideration."
And it's not just in Washington state.
"Parents want success for their kids. They get stuck on [four-year bachelor's degrees], and they're not seeing the shortage there is in tradespeople until they hire a plumber and have to write a check.
Mike Clifton, Lake Washington Institute of Technology
Seventy-percent of construction companies nationwide are having trouble finding qualified workers, according to the Associated General Contractors of America; in Washington, the proportion is 80 percent.
There are already more trade jobs like carpentry, electrical, plumbing, sheet-metal work and pipe-fitting than Washingtonians to fill them, the state auditor reports. Many pay more than the state's average annual wage of $54,000.
Construction, along with health care and personal care, will account for one-third of all new jobs through 2022, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. There will also be a need for new plumbers and new electricians. And, as politicians debate a massive overhaul of the nation's roads, bridges and airports, the U.S. Department of Education reports that there will be 68 percent more job openings in infrastructure-related fields in the next five years than there are people training to fill them.
"The economy is definitely pushing this issue to the forefront," said Amy Morrison Goings, president of the Lake Washington Institute of Technology, which educates students in these fields. "There isn't a day that goes by that a business doesn't contact the college and ask the faculty who's ready to go to work."
In all, some 30 million jobs in the United States that pay an average of $55,000 per year don't require bachelor's degrees, according to the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce.
Yet the march to bachelor's degrees continues. And while people who get them are more likely to be employed and make more money than those who don't, that premium appears to be softening; their median earnings were lower in 2015, when adjusted for inflation, than in 2010.
"There's that perception of the bachelor's degree being the American dream, the best bang for your buck," said Kate Blosveren Kreamer, deputy executive director of Advance CTE, an association of state officials who work in career and technical education. "The challenge is that in many cases it's become the fallback. People are going to college without a plan, without a career in mind, because the mindset in high school is just, 'Go to college.' "
It's not that finding a job in the trades, or even manufacturing, means needing no education after high school. Most regulators and employers require certificates, certifications or associate degrees. But those cost less and take less time than earning a bachelor's degree. Tuition and fees for in-state students to attend a community or technical college in Washington State, for example, come to less than half the cost of a four-year public university, the state auditor points out, and less than a tenth of the price of attending a private four-year college.
People with career and technical educations are also more likely to be employed than their counterparts with academic credentials, the U.S. Department of Education reports, and significantly more likely to be working in their fields of study.
Young people don't seem to be getting that message. The proportion of high school students who earned three or more credits in occupational education — typically an indication that they're interested in careers in the skilled trades — has fallen from 1 in 4 in 1990 to 1 in 5 now, according to the U.S. Department of Education.
Washington is not the only state devoting attention to this. California is spending $200 million to improve the delivery of career and technical education. Iowa community colleges and businesses are collaborating to increase the number of "work-related learning opportunities," including apprenticeships, job shadowing and internships. Tennessee has made its technical colleges free.
So severe are looming shortages of workers in the skilled trades in Michigan that Gov. Rick Snyder in February announced a $100 million proposal he likens to the Marshall Plan that rebuilt Europe after World War II.
At the federal level, there is bipartisan support for making Pell grants available for short-term job-training courses and not just university tuition. The Trump administration supports the idea.
For all the promises to improve vocational education, however, a principal federal source of money for it, called Tech-Prep, hasn't been funded since 2011. A quarter of states last year reduced their own funding for postsecondary career and technical education, according to the National Association of State Directors of Career Technical Education.
The branding issue
Money isn't the only issue, advocates for career and technical education say. An even bigger challenge is convincing parents that it leads to good jobs.
"They remember 'voc-ed' from what they were in high school, which is not necessarily what they aspire to for their own kids," Kreamer said.
The parents "are definitely harder to convince because there is that stigma of the six-pack-totin' ironworker," said Greg Christiansen, who runs the ironworkers training program. Added Kairie Pierce, apprenticeship and college director for the Washington State Labor Council of the AFL-CIO: "It sort of has this connotation of being a dirty job. 'It's hard work — I want something better for my son or daughter.' "
Of the $200 million that California is spending on vocational education, $6 million is going into a campaign to improve the way people regard it. The Lake Washington Institute of Technology changed its name from Lake Washington Technical College, said Goings, its president, to avoid being stereotyped as a vocational school.
These perceptions fuel the worry that, if students are urged as early as the seventh grade to consider the trades, then low-income, first-generation and ethnic and racial minority high school students will be channeled into blue-collar jobs while wealthier and white classmates are pushed by their parents to get bachelor's degrees.
"When CTE was vocational education, part of the reason we had a real disinvestment from the system was because we were tracking low-income and minority kids into these pathways," Kreamer said. "There is this tension between, do you want to focus on the people who would get the most benefit from these programs, and — is that tracking?"
Amy Morrison Goings, president of the Lake Washington Institute of Technology, says, "There isn't a day that goes by that a business doesn't contact the college and ask the faculty who's ready to go to work." In a quest for prestige and rankings, and to bolster real-estate values, high schools also like to emphasize the number of their graduates who go on to four-year colleges and universities.
Jessica Bruce followed that path, enrolling in college after high school for one main reason: because she was recruited to play fast-pitch softball. "I was still trying to figure out what I wanted to do with my life," she said.
She never earned her degree and now, she's an apprentice ironworker, making $32.42 an hour, or more than $60,000 a year, while continuing her training. At 5-foot-2, "I can run with the big boys," she said, laughing.
As for whether anyone looks down on her for not having a bachelor's degree, Bruce doesn't particularly care.
"The misconception," she said, "is that we don't make as much money."
And then she laughed again.
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HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF------global banking 1% have used LAISSEZ-FAIRE goes to COMMUNISM/SOCIALISM for a few hundred years as a way to claw back all gains by the 99% of citizens in wealth and assets. We discussed in detail that MARXISM is NOT A PRO-WORKER MOVEMENT. MARXISM is global banking 1% taking our 99% of WE THE PEOPLE to enslaving societal structures. Those international trade unions are working for global banking 1%. We have shouted against this international status for our US labor unions---with trades it is AFL-CIO.
The goal of global banking 1% in MOVING FORWARD FAR-RIGHT WING MARXISM is to first create CLASS TENSIONS----our US middle-class academics become the enemy ------university is elitist so the 99% are re-educated to want only vocational tracking to a job. THAT IS WHAT RACE TO TOP/COMMONER CORE is doing. It is the job of those 5% global banking players to sell PATHWAYS TO HIGHER EDUCATION is not worth it to our US 99% of citizens, black, white, and brown citizens. THE ITUC below----as with the UNITED NATIONS ILO----are NOT fighting for worker's rights----they are pushing global banking policies through these ALT RIGHT ALT LEFT 5% PLAYER LABOR UNIONS.
Global Labor Unions and Federations | AFL-CIO
aflcio.org/about/our-unions-and-allies/global-unions The AFL-CIO is an affiliate of the International Trade Union Confederation, a worldwide union network that represents 175 million workers in 151 countries and territories. ITUC's primary mission is to promote and defend workers' rights through international cooperation between trade unions, global campaigning and ...
We are sure our US 99% of trades citizens understand these MOVING FORWARD policies are bringing workers down---having no intentions of making educational structures BETTER for our 99% WE THE PEOPLE. Our 5% labor union leader players are going under the bus.
THIS IS WHY OUR US TEACHERS' UNION NATIONAL LEADERS KEEP SILENT ON GORILLA-IN-THE-ROOM EDUCATION ISSUES AND PROMOTE RACE TO TOP/COMMONER CORE/GLOBAL CORPORATE CAMPUS CHARTER K-CAREER.
If we look globally we see these same far-right wing global banking MARXIST structures taking all FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES-----MOVING FORWARD in US cities deemed FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES these few decades of CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA. We are watching as our US 99% of citizens knowing our US K-university system was a great system for advancing public knowledge, citizenship education, and leadership opportunities. What we see today in US as in all FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES are global banking 1% labor players promoting global banking candidates and education policy as job training apprenticeship K-CAREER.
Global federations
Global federations are international federations of national and regional trade unions organising in a specific industry and representing workers in those industries across the globe. Global federations promote and enforce workers rights, social justice and solidarity as well as raising issues of common concern with employers, governments and international bodies.
Unite is affiliated to the following global federations
IndustriALL Global Union
IndustriALL Global Union represents 50 million workers in 140 countries in the mining, energy and manufacturing sectors and is a new force in global solidarity taking up the fight for better working conditions and trade union rights around the world.
Founded on 19 June 2012, the new organization brings together affiliates of the former global union federations: International Metalworkers' Federation (IMF), International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine and General Workers' Unions (ICEM) and International Textiles Garment and Leather Workers' Federation (ITGLWF).
IndustriALL Global Union represents workers in a wide range of sectors from extraction of oil and gas, mining, generation and distribution of electric power, to manufacturing of metals and metal products, shipbuilding, automotive, aerospace, mechanical engineering, electronics, chemicals, rubber, pulp and paper, building materials, textiles, garments, leather and footwear and environmental services.
To find out more please go to www.industriall-union.org
International Transport Workers' Federation – ITF
The International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) is an international trade union federation of transport workers' unions. Any independent trade union with members in the transport industry is eligible for membership of the ITF. 708 unions representing over 4.5 million transport workers in 154 countries are members of the ITF. It is one of several Global Federation Unions allied with the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC).The ITF's headquarters is located in London and it has offices in Nairobi, Ouagadougou, Tokyo, New Delhi, Rio de Janeiro, Amman, Moscow and Brussels.
More information
Building and Wood Workers' International – BWI
At its World Congress in Buenos Aires, on 9 December 2005, the International Federation of Building and Wood Workers (IFBWW) and the World Federation of Building and Wood Workers (WFBW) created a new global union federation, the Building and Wood Workers' International - BWI.
The BWI is the Global Union Federation grouping free and democratic unions with members in the Building, Building Materials, Wood, Forestry and Allied sectors.
The BWI groups together around 328 trade unions representing around 12 million members in 130 countries. The Headquarters is in Geneva, Switzerland. Regional Offices and Project Offices are located in Panama and Malaysia, South Africa, India, Burkina Faso, Curaçao, Chile, Kenya, Russia, Peru, Brazil and Thailand.
The last congress of the BWI was held in Lille France in December 2009
More information
International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations – IUF
The International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations (IUF) is an international federation of trade unions representing workers employed in:
- agriculture and plantations
- the preparation and manufacture of food and beverages
- hotels, restaurants and catering services
- all stages of tobacco processing
More information
Public Services International – PSI
Public Services International is a global trade union federation representing 20 million working women and men who deliver vital public services in more than 150 countries. PSI membership work in social services, health care, municipal services, central government and public utilities such as water and electricity. Women represent two-thirds of the membership.
PSI champions human rights, advocates for social justice and promotes universal access to quality public services. PSI works with the United Nations system and in partnership with labour, civil society and other organisations.
More information
Union Network International – UNI
UNI Global Union is the voice of 20 million service sector workers around the world. Through 900 affiliated unions, UNI represents workers in 150 countries and in every region of the world. UNI represents workers in the Cleaning & Security; Commerce; Finance; Gaming; Graphical & Packaging; Hair & Beauty; ICTS; Media, Entertainment & Arts; Post & Logistics; Social Insurance; Sport; Temp & Agency Workers and Tourism industries.
More information
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As REAL left social progressive academics having goals of REAL free market and 99% opportunity and access for black, white, and brown citizens----this is what we know: global banking has been successful in making our working class think the professional class works against them. This comes with promotions to management positions ---this comes from our politicians being those university graduates in most cases. These few decades of CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA eliminated the jobs of ...most middle-management---most 99% of WE THE PEOPLE politicians----and what our US workers got these few decades was pre-Christian, CATO/NERO/SENECA OLD WORLD KINGS AND QUEENS 5% players THE OPPOSITE of our REAL 99% white collar professionals.
Our US and European middle-class have always worked to protect and lift those working class and poor----we are not the enemy of trades workers. We cannot be CITIZENS--we cannot gain wealth and economic stability with businesses ----if we do not have REAL INFORMATION. Our 5% freemason/Greeks think they have that information ---but they do not.
IF 99% US WE THE PEOPLE ALLOW MOVING FORWARD KILLING NOT ONLY OUR STRONG PUBLIC K-UNIVERSITY BUT OUR ABILITY TO ACCESS BOOKS----THERE ARE NOT WINNERS BUT THE GLOBAL 1%.
Six Reasons Google Books Failed
Robert Darnton NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS
John Pope-Hennessey; drawing by David Levine
Judge Denny Chin’s opinion in rejecting the settlement between Google and the authors and publishers who sued it for infringement of their copyrights can be read as both as a map of wrong turns taken in the past and as an invitation to design a better route into the digital future. Extrapolating from the dense, 48-page text that accompanied the judge’s March 23 decision, it is possible to locate six crucial points where things went awry:
First, Google abandoned its original plan to digitize books in order to provide online searching. According to that plan, you would have been able to use Google to search the contents of books for a particular word or brief passage, but would not have been able to view or download a lengthy excerpt or an entire book. Thus, Google could have justified its display of snippets of text in the search results by invoking the doctrine of fair use. In this way, it might have won its case against the plaintiffs, the Authors Guild and the Association of American Publishers, and at the same time it could have helped revive fair use as a legitimate means of spreading knowledge—for example, in making digitized material available for teaching purposes.
Instead, Google chose to make its opponents its partners in a gigantic new library and book business, Google Book Search. The business plan led to a second misstep, because it included a dubious opt-out clause. Authors of out-of-print books who failed to notify Google of their refusal to participate in its project were deemed to have accepted it. (If enough of those authors could be located or volunteered to consent to the settlement, Google Book Search might build up a large database of books published since 1923. But the logistics and the transaction costs might make the task unfeasible, and the problem of orphan books would remain unsolvable without congressional legislation.)
Third, in setting terms for the digitization of orphan books—copyrighted works whose rights holders are not known—the settlement eliminated the possibility of competition. It gave Google exclusive protection against legal action by any rights holders who might be identified—no small matter, as there are probably several million orphan books (recent estimates go as high as five million), and the damages for copyright infringement could begin at $100,000 per title. This provision made Google and its partners effective proprietors of works they had not created. According to the original version of the settlement, they were to receive revenue from the sale of the orphan books according to a standard formula for dividing the pie: 37 percent to Google, 63 percent to the plaintiffs. That provision was corrected in a revised version of the settlement, but the Amended Settlement Agreement (ASA) continued to give Google legal protection that would be denied to any of its potential competitors. It amounted to changing copyright law by litigation instead of legislation.
Fourth, rights held by authors and publishers located outside the United States raised similar problems. Foreign rights holders objected that the digitization of their books would violate international copyright law, particularly in the case of out-of-print books, which Google proposed to market unless it received opt-out notification from the authors or their estates. The ASA met most of those objections by eliminating copyrighted books that were published abroad, except in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. But foreigners continued to protest about the potential violation of their rights and noted that they, too, had an orphan book problem.
Fifth, the settlement was an attempt to resolve a class action suit, but the plaintiffs did not adequately represent the class to which they belonged. The Authors Guild has 8,000 members but the number of living writers who have published works during the last half century probably amounts to far more than one hundred thousand. As Judge Chin observed, 6,800 living writers—nearly as many as are members of the Guild—chose to opt out of Google Book Search, and many objected in memoranda to the court that they did not consider themselves represented by the Guild. Some, especially academics who do not live from their pens, said they cared more about the diffusion of their writing than about the small amounts that they might gain by sales.
Sixth, in the course of administering its sales, both of individual books and of access to its data base by means of institutional subscriptions, Google might abuse readers’ privacy by accumulating information about their behavior. Google could know who its readers were, precisely what they read, and when they did the reading. The ASA provided some assurances about this danger, but Judge Chin recommended more, should the ASA be revised and resubmitted to the court.
The cumulative effect of these objections, elaborated in 500 memoranda filed with the court and endorsed in large part by Judge Chin’s decision, could give the impression that the settlement, even in its amended version, is so flawed that it deserves to be pronounced dead and buried. Yet it has many positive features. Above all, it could provide millions of people with access to millions of books. If the price were moderate, the benefit would be extraordinary, and the result would give new life to old books, which rarely get consulted from their present locations on the remote shelves or distant storage facilities of research libraries. Google also committed itself to furnish its service free of charge on at least one terminal in all public libraries, to adapt the digitized texts to the needs of the visually impaired, and to make its data available for large-scale, quantitative research of the “non-consumptive” kind.
WE KNOW PUBLIC LIBRARIES ARE BEING PRIVATIZED TO GLOBAL BANKING 1% AND CLOSED-----HOW WILL THE FURNISHING SERVICE FREE OF CHARGE HELP 99% WE THE PEOPLE?
How can these advantages be preserved without the accompanying drawbacks? By creating a Digital Public Library of America (DPLA)—that is, a collection of works in all formats that would make our cultural heritage available online and free of charge to everyone everywhere.
OH, REALLY???????
Having [argued so often] (http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2010/oct/04/library-without-walls/) for this alternative to Google Book Search, I may fall victim to the syndrome known in France as preaching for one’s own saint. Instead of repeating the arguments, I would like to show how the case for the DPLA would look if seen from the perspective of similar attempts in other countries.
The most impressive attempts to create national digital libraries are taking shape in Norway and The Netherlands. They have state support, and they involve plans to digitize books covered by copyright, even those that are currently in print, by means of collective agreements--not legalistic devices like the class action suit employed by Google and its partners, but voluntary arrangements, which reconcile the interests of the authors and publishers who own the rights with those of readers who want access to everything in their national languages. Of course, the number of books in Norwegian and Dutch is small compared with those in English. To form an idea of what could be done in the United States, it is better to study another venture, the pan-European digital library known as [Europeana] (http://www.europeana.eu/portal/aboutus.html).
Europeana is still in a formative phase, but its basic structure is well developed. Instead of accumulating collections of its own, it will function as an aggregator of aggregators—that is, it will standardize data that flows in from providers in centralized locations, which themselves will have integrated data derived from many individual sources. Information will therefore be accumulated and coordinated at three levels: particular libraries will digitize their collections; national or regional centers will integrate them into central data bases; and Europeana will transform those data bases, from 27 constituent countries, into a single, seamless network. To the users, all these currents of information will remain invisible. They will simply search for an item—a book, an image, a recording, or a video—and the system will direct them to a digitized version of it, wherever it may be, making it available for downloading on a personal computer or a hand-held device.
To deliver such service, the system will require not only an effective technological architecture but also a way of coordinating the information required to locate the digitized items—“metadata,” as librarians call it. The staff of Europeana at The Hague has perfected a code to harmonize the metadata that will flow into it from every corner of the Continent. Unlike Google, it will not store digital files in a single data base or server farm. It will operate as a nerve center for what is known as a “distributed network,” leaving libraries, archives, and museums to digitize and preserve their own collections in the capillary system of the organic whole.
A digital library for America might well follow this model, although Europeana has not yet proven its viability. When a prototype went live on November 20, 2008, it was flooded with so many attempts at searches that the system crashed. But that failure can be taken as testimony to the demand for such a mega-library. Since then, Europeana has enlarged its capacity. It will resume functioning at full tilt in the near future; and by 2015 it expects to make thirty million items, a third of them books, available free of charge.
Who will pay for it? The European Union, drawing on contributions from its member states. (Europeana’s current budget is 4,923,000 euros, but most of the expenses fall on the institutions that create and preserve the digital files.) This financial model may not be suitable for the United States, but we Americans benefit from something that Europe lacks, a rich array of independent foundations dedicated to the public welfare. By combining forces, a few dozen foundations could provide enough money to get the DPLA up and running. It is impossible at this point to provide even ballpark estimates of the overall cost, but it should come to less than the 750 million euros that President Sarkozy pledged for the digitization of France’s “cultural patrimony.”
Once its basic structure has been erected, the DPLA could be enlarged incrementally. And after it has proven its capacity to provide services—for education at all levels, for the information needs of businesses, for research in every conceivable field—it might attract public funds. Long-term sustainability would remain a problem to be solved.
Other problems must be confronted in the near future. As the Google case demonstrated, nearly everything published since 1923, when copyright restrictions begin to apply, is out of bounds for digitization and distribution. The DPLA must respect copyright. In order to succeed where Google failed, it will have to include several million orphan books; and it will not be able to do that unless Congress clears the way by appropriate legislation. Congress nearly passed orphan-book bills in 2006 and 2008. It failed in part because of the uncertainty surrounding Google Book Search. A not-for-profit digital library truly devoted to the public welfare could be of such benefit to their constituents that members of Congress might pass a new bill carefully designed to protect the DPLA from litigation should holders of rights to orphan books be located and bring suit for damages.
Even better, Congress could create a mechanism to compensate authors for the downloading of books that are out of print but covered by copyright. Voluntary collective agreements among authors of in-print books, similar to those in Norway and The Netherlands, could make much contemporary literature accessible through the DPLA. The copyright problems connected with works produced outside the United States might be resolved by agreements between the DPLA and Europeana as well as by similar alliances with aggregators on other continents. “Born digital” items in diverse formats (among them the growing number of ebooks that do not also appear in printed form) pose still more problems. But the non-commercial character of the DPLA and its commitment to the public good would make all such difficulties look less formidable than they seemed to be when they were confronted by a company intent on maximizing profit at the expense of the public.
In short, the collapse of the settlement has a great deal to teach us. It should help us emulate the positive aspects of Google Book Search and avoid the pitfalls that made Google’s enterprise flawed from the beginning. The best way to do so and to provide the American people with what they need in order to thrive in the new information age is to create a Digital Public Library of America.
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As our US public K-university becomes nothing but online lessons and virtual schools killing all our strong US educational structures and even taking the real estate to global banking----as we allow online lessons replace textbooks---as we allow online digitized books replace all sources students need to support their studies---as we allow all books to be digitized that strong students need in order to excel-----we are MOVING FORWARD to only global corporate campuses having access to internet-----we KNOW global GOOGLE and these global 2% player digitizers will not allow UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO GLOBAL GOOGLE DIGITAL LIBRARY.
We are setting the stage for our US 99% of WE THE PEOPLE to become those DARK AGES serfs and slaves never knowing REAL INFORMATION---never able to access what we need to escape that DARK AGES enslavement.
IT IS EASY PEASY TO REBUILD OUR STRONG US PUBLIC K-UNIVERSITY---WE SIMPLY HAVE TO STOP MOVING FORWARD TO GET RID OF ALL GLOBAL BANKING 5% POLS AND PLAYERS.
Study on online charter schools: ‘It is literally as if the kid did not go to school for an entire year’
By Valerie Strauss Email the author
October 31, 2015
A new study on the effectiveness of online charter schools is nothing short of damning — even though it was at least partly funded by a private pro-charter foundation. It effectively says that the average student who attends might as well not enroll.
The study was done by the Center for Research on Education Outcomes, known as CREDO, and located at Stanford University, in collaboration with the Center on Reinventing Public Education at the University of Washington and Mathematica Policy Research. CREDO’s founding director, Margaret Raymond, served as project director. CREDO receives funding from the pro-charter Walton Family Foundation, which provided support for the new research.
CREDO has released a number of reports in recent years on the effectiveness of charters — using math and reading standardized test scores as the measure — which collectively conclude that some perform better than traditional public schools and some don’t. In its newest report, released this week, CREDO evaluated online K-12 charter schools. There are 17 states with online charter students: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah and Wisconsin, as well as the District of Columbia.
The study sought to answer this question: “How did enrollment in an online charter school affect the academic growth of students?”
AS CREDO AND STANFORD UNIVERSITY GREAT BIG GLOBAL BANKING 1% PLAYER INSTITUTIONS KNOW----LEFT SOCIAL PROGRESSIVE ACADEMICS BACK IN 1960-70S ALREADY PROVIDED THESE DATA SAYING ONLINE LESSONS KILLED ACHIEVEMENT AND LEARNING.
Academic growth, as mentioned before, is measured by standardized test scores for the purpose of this study, which evaluated scores from online charter students between 2008 and 2013 and compared them to students in traditional public schools (not brick-and-mortar charters). Here are some of the findings:
- Students in online charters lost an average of about 72 days of learning in reading.
- Students in online charters lost 180 days of learning in math during the course of a 180-day school year. Yes, you read that right. As my colleague Lyndsey Layton wrote in this story about the study, it’s as if the students did not attend school at all when it comes to math.
- The average student in an online charter had lower reading scores than students in traditional schools everywhere except Wisconsin and Georgia, and had lower math scores everywhere except in Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin.
The implications for the results, according to the study:
- Current online charter schools may be a good fit for some students, but the evidence suggests that online charters don’t serve very well the relatively atypical set of students that currently attend these schools, much less the general population. Academic benefits from online charter schools are currently the exception rather than the rule. Online charter schools provide a maximum of flexibility for students with schedules which do not fit the TPS [traditional public school] setting. This can be a benefit or a liability as flexibility requires discipline and maturity to maintain high standards. Not all families may be equipped to provide the direction needed for online schooling. Online charter schools should ensure their programs are a good fit for their potential students’ particular needs.
- Current oversight policies in place may not be sufficient for online charter schools. There is evidence that some online charter schools have been able to produce consistent academic benefits for students, but most online charter schools have not. The charter bargain has been “Flexibility for Accountability” and all charter schools must be held to that concept. Authorizers must step up to their responsibilities and demand online charter providers improve outcomes for students. Authorizers should hold a firm line with those schools which cannot meet their end of the charter bargain.
- States should examine the current progress of existing online programs before allowing expansion. Online schools have the potential to serve large numbers of students with practically no physical restraints on their expansion. As such, mechanisms which have typically played a role in regulating the growth of brick-and-mortar schools such as facility construction and limited potential student pools do not exert pressure on online schools. Without these natural constraints, online schools have the potential to expand more rapidly than traditional schools. This makes it critical for authorizers to ensure online charter schools demonstrate positive outcomes for students before being allowed to grow and that online charter schools grow at a pace which continues to lead to improved outcomes for their students.
It’s hard to overlook the language in these recommendations.
“The evidence suggests that online charters don’t serve very well the relatively atypical set of students that currently attend these schools, much less the general population.” Suggest?
“Current oversight policies in place may not be sufficient for online charter schools.” May?
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THE HOLY GRAIL is myth-making by those same global banking 1% dangling the thoughts of wealth and power before our 5% freemason/Greeks.
We discussed the WIZARD OF OZ with the YELLOW BRICK ROAD------with the BIG DEAD HEAD hiding a 5% player behind the curtain----that KINGDOM OF OZ where all that you need is simply supplied----SHANGRAI-LA!
These are all global banking marketing ploys sold to draw people to the PYRAMID SCAM.
...
THE HOLY GRAIL represents ANYTHING-----if someone is willing to devote a life seeking the GRAIL----what is most precious to that person will manifest as that GRAIL. PONCE DE LEON had a grail looking like the FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH------
For CORONADO that grail was a CITY OF GOLD----
'Coronado dies, without finding the fabled cities of gold ...
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/coronado...
Article Details: Coronado dies, without finding the fabled cities of gold'.
Our LOVETT novel seems to make the quest of grail about SPIRIT/SOUL. Finding that grail of entry into GOD'S KINGDOM---HEAVEN.
CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA and their foreign sovereignty MALTA as human resources are very good in identifying those 5% players LIVING JUST FOR TODAY---SHOW ME THE MONEY folks. Global banking plays on individual PASSIONS---our idea of what a GRAIL would be while history repeats itself as the GRAIL of OLD WORLD GLOBAL 1% KINGS AND QUEENS has always been accumulating wealth and power anyway they can.
LOVETT'S grail novel is entertaining. LOVETT wrote that novel to promote global banking 1% policy of GLOBAL DIGITALIZED LIBRARY that only the global 1% will be able to access. When our US and global 99% of citizens get mad at what global banking is MOVING FORWARD----remember---it was those 5% to the 1% freemason/Greek players black, white, and brown players giving global banking 1% their power.....hold them accountable---please don't harm 99% of WE THE PEOPLE black, white, and brown citizens having nothing to do with these few decades of KILLING AMERICA.
NO MORE WARS AND CIVIL UNREST----NOT IN US FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES!
'What does the Bible say about the holy grail (sangreal)?
holy grail, sangreal
Question: "What does the Bible say about the holy grail (sangreal)?"
Answer: The Bible has nothing to say about the Holy Grail because the existence of the Holy Grail is nothing but a mythical legend that has been popularized recently by such books as The DaVinci Code and a renewed interest in King Arthur'.
What does the Bible say about the holy grail (sangreal)?
Question: "What does the Bible say about the holy grail (sangreal)?"
Answer: The Bible has nothing to say about the Holy Grail because the existence of the Holy Grail is nothing but a mythical legend that has been popularized recently by such books as The DaVinci Code and a renewed interest in King Arthur.
There are many legends surrounding the Holy Grail; however, most scholars believe the original source of the legends is a Celtic myth of a horn of plenty (or cauldron or other vessel). This vessel was supposed to be the source of all things good, such as unquenchable food, health, success in battle, etc. According to the legend, this vessel was the source of divine favor because it was thought to be the cup that Jesus used at the Last Supper, or a cup that had caught Jesus' blood as He hung on the cross. However, not all early Grail stories are consistent on even this. In some stories the Grail is a cup, while in others it is a cauldron or a stone. In these mythical stories, the importance is not what the Grail is but what it represents, which is divine power.
The most popular of these stories says that the Holy Grail was the cup that Jesus used at the Last Supper and that Joseph of Arimathea later used to collect drops of Jesus’ blood at the crucifixion. This legend has it that Joseph of Arimathea or his descendants brought the cup to Britain where it was lost. This is where the legend of the Holy Grail becomes intertwined with the legend of King Arthur and his knights. Because this mythical vessel was supposed to be the source of all things good and the source of divine favor, those who were noble and pure in heart—such as King Arthur and his knights—desired to possess it and use its power for good.
These legends of the Holy Grail were the most popular in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, which were the darkest of the Dark Ages. At this time Europe was a spiritual wasteland, and people looked to legends such as these for hope as the tales represented a lost golden age and the efforts to regain it. The legend of the Holy Grail seems to arise out of the Celtic church’s claim to apostolic succession, which they traced back through Joseph of Arimathea to the apostle John. In the midst of oppression by the Catholic Church, which claimed that its apostolic succession and priesthood authority was through the apostle Peter, the legend of the Holy Grail represented hope to the Celtic church through an alternate line of apostolic succession. While the Catholic Church claimed that they were the only church with apostolic authority, the Holy Grail became a tangible symbol of the Celtic church’s claim to equal authority, also by a direct line of apostolic succession.
While the mythical stories of a Holy Grail make for interesting reading and exciting movies, they should not be of great concern for true Christians. As born-again believers in Christ, our hope is not in some vessel that might have held Christ’s blood or might have been used by Him at the Last Supper; our hope and assurance are in His sinless life, His atonement on the cross, His resurrection from the dead, and His promise of eternal life to all who believe in Him. Christians do not need to look to a priest who traces his authority back to Christ by apostolic succession when we have the authority of the Word of God and direct access to the only mediator between man and God, Jesus Christ (1 Timothy 2:5).
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