This week we will discuss education public policy all levels of education looking first at what and who controls all US CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATIONS------THE WORLD BANK AND IMF------since, OBAMA era ended with the US in $20 trillion of national debt. We are THIRD WORLD in debt and have fallen into conservator status.
Our US BUDGET cannot be maintained while national debt climbs to hundreds of trillions due to interest et al to be paid on this national debt.
MANDATORY VS DISCRETIONARY REGARDING EDUCATION FUNDING-EDUCATION FUNDING IS DISCRETIONARY--MEANING IT WILL FALL TO NATIONAL DEBT.
What we hear today in US fake news media is TRUMP IS BAD KILLING EDUCATION----when in fact TRUMP is a LAME DUCK because of national debt.
'To support this mission, the Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Education in 2016, an increase of $3.6 billion, or 5.4 percent, over the 2015 level'.
'$3.9 billion increase for the Department of Education–the bill increases ED funding to its highest level (excluding the 2009 Recovery Act), providing a total of $70.9 billion for FY 2018'.
The major cuts to our US PUBLIC EDUCATION as we shouted came during the OBAMA 8 years.
June 4, 2019 Topic:
Economics Blog Brand: The Buzz Tags: Debt
EconomicsNational DebtTrump
By 2025, U.S. Interest Payments on the National Debt Will Pass the Defense Budget
With the gross national debt in excess of $22 trillion—nearly 105% of gross domestic product—and mandatory spending like interest on previous debt, Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid consuming 72% of current tax revenue, it’s easy to think that America’s fiscal woes have reached their worst point. But that’s not true. Our debt problems are about to get much worse.
The looming debt crisis will hurt these Americans the most
Benjamin Harris, former chief economist for Joe Biden
Published 1:26 PM ET Wed, 11 April 2018 Updated 7:59 PM ET Thu, 12 April 2018
The Congressional Budget Office confirmed on Monday what many Americans and all politicians already know: the United States is in a deeply precarious fiscal position.
In just one short year, our budget deficit has ballooned by over $1 trillion; by 2028 the accumulated debt is expected to roughly match the size of the economy. If our oversized public debt explodes into a full-blown crisis, no one can say we weren't warned.
The debt overhang will have real impacts on Americans—imposing higher borrowing costs, changing retirement as we know it and slowing the rate of growth. The plausible options for fixing the situation are diminishing, but fixing it should be a first-order policy priority.
The CBO's worrisome ten-year outlook underscores the severity of the situation and reveals three areas of major concern.
These concerns all exacerbate the fundamental problem with our fiscal dilemma: a structural mismatch between revenues and outlays. When the government consistently runs deficits in excess of 4 percent of GDP during the height of an economic expansion, policymakers are pretty much begging for a fiscal crisis. This imbalance will eventually impact millions.
Here's who will feel the most pain:
First up is any American hoping to borrow. Homebuyers seeking a mortgage. Students borrowing for tuition. Entrepreneurs looking for a small business loan. The 10-year Treasury bill rate has already risen by about 40 basis points this year alone, and earlier this week JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon said it could rise by another 120 basis points by year's end.
The second group facing a bleak future?
Retirees. With the ink barely dry on a budget-busting $1.5 trillion tax cut, a group of conservative economists recently proposed entitlement cuts to right the fiscal ship—calls from policymakers are soon to follow.
But there is simply no way to substantially cut these programs without forcing American seniors to work longer and pay more out-of-pocket for health care. If the cost to last year's corporate tax cut was losing an extra year or two of retirement, Americans should have been presented with an honest choice when the tax bill was passed back in December.
The third casualty affects everyone:
future growth. Whether by financial crisis, higher interest rates, or severed spending on public investment, these massive deficits will be a drag on economic growth one way or another. And when the next recession comes (and it will), we may not be able to stimulate our way out of it. America found its way out of the Great Recession in large part through tax rebates and infrastructure spending—these options may not be available if excessive debt is the cause of the slowdown in the first place.
Hmmmmm, if a super-majority of US TREASURY BOND DEBT FRAUD gave that BOND ownership to foreign corporations and global rich----to pay for building global factories in US FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES----then, why say FUTURE GROWTH IS HARMED?
There are plausible exit strategies. Cutting tax expenditures like stepped-up basis or untargeted incentives for retirement saving have long stood as a possible savior to our budget woes. Budget commissions of all stripes have recommended cutting these expenditures as a way to lower the debt, and eventually Congress just might listen.
A second option is one that almost no one talks about: collecting more of the taxes that are owed by taxpayers. Tax evasion costs the Treasury around $400 billion a year, which ultimately amounts to a massive tax on honest taxpayers. Our budget troubles would be solved in a day if tax evaders simply paid their fair share.
In the end, it's impossible to know how this fiscal imbalance will play out. But at least two things are clear One, the problem got a whole lot worse over the past year. And two, we are not finding our way out of this mess any time soon.
_________________________________________
Third world nations like US as DEBTOR NATIONS are tied to DEBT MANAGEMENT FACILITY of WORLD BANK/IMF. The contributors to DEBT MANAGEMENT do not include the US----but the US still pays membership.
The nations in this DEBT MANAGEMENT are the one's who decide what EDUCATION POLICY will like, the funding levels, and ONE WORLD ONE EDUCATION for all FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES has that global corporate tribunal writing EDUCATION POLICIES----not our US CONGRESS PEOPLE.
'The Congressional Budget Office confirmed on Monday what many Americans and all politicians already know: the United States is in a deeply precarious fiscal position.
In just one short year, our budget deficit has ballooned by over $1 trillion; by 2028 the accumulated debt is expected to roughly match the size of the economy. If our oversized public debt explodes into a full-blown crisis, no one can say we weren't warned.
The debt overhang will have real impacts on Americans—imposing higher borrowing costs, changing retirement as we know it and slowing the rate of growth. The plausible options for fixing the situation are diminishing, but fixing it should be a first-order policy priority'.
We see those global banking 1% OLD WORLD KINGS as DEBT MANAGEMENT---the same who gave us these few decades of CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA----sacking and looting---raping and pillaging gave us that $20 trillion national debt.
PAY-TO-PLAY kept those global banking 5% freemason/Greek players working hard to kill all our US FEDERAL AGENCIES with outsourcing and privatization----today, that PAY-TO-PLAY is going to those already having the BILLIONS----
BRIEF
Debt Management Facility (DMF)
July 10, 2019
World Bank Group
Expert Advice on Public Debt
Launched in November 2008, the Debt Management Facility (DMF) for Low-Income Countries (LICs) is a multi-donor trust fund that supports the scaling up and accelerated implementation of the World Bank Group's debt management work program in low-income countries. The trust fund is administered jointly by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The program has the specific objective of strengthening debt management capacity and institutions through a number of tools that help countries assess and plan their debt. The DMF also helps empower debt managers faced with political pressure to advocate for a prudent and sustainable approach to taking on new debt.
The DMF launched a third phase in April 2019. Its objective during the next five years is to strengthen debt management to reduce debt-related vulnerabilities and improve debt transparency. DMF III seeks to provide customized advice on sovereign debt management through the design and application of analytical tools, provision of tailored advisory services and implementation support, trainings, webinars and peer-to-peer learning. DMF III facilitates collaboration among debt management technical assistance providers and dialogue on debt issues among different stakeholders.
For a decade, the DMF has been supporting capacity building and reform implementation on debt management in over 80 countries, and has become an internationally recognized global program. With a proven record of excellence in building capacity in debt management and related fields since 2009, the DMF has supported over 280 Technical Assistance (TA) missions in about 80 countries and 14 subnational entities.
Significant strides have been made in debt management since 2008 in DMF-eligible countries. Today, more countries prepare and publish debt management strategies; the quality of debt records of government debt has improved; and many countries have improved the organization of their debt management institutions and coordination with fiscal policies through alignment with medium term fiscal frameworks.
Despite progress, important challenges remain. The financial landscape of DMF-eligible countries has evolved, presenting new opportunities and risks. The composition of debt portfolios is gradually shifting away from mainly concessional external debt to market-based debt. Domestic debt borrowing has increased rapidly, even in countries with small financial sectors and with weak debt management capacity. DMF III is uniquely positioned to adapt to emerging debt management challenges and is a critical component of the Bank-Fund Multipronged Approach for Addressing Emerging Debt Vulnerabilities.
" Countries were gaining access to international capital markets, but without proper training. Often, the result was poor terms. But after working with the DMF, debt sustainability analysis is integrated into macroeconomic planning. Hundreds of officials have been trained in debt management. Many countries have a medium-term debt management strategy. Countries can continue applying lessons learned from the DMF long after active programs have ended. "
_________________________________________________
'AMERICAN' BUDGET is an OXYMORON
Budget for Federal public schools was well over $120 billion going to mostly Federally mandated EQUAL OPPORTUNITY----so, this is what seeing disappearing.
We discussed things like WRAP-AROUND SCHOOLS----COMMUNITY SCHOOLS being very, very TEMPORARY and indeed the funding for these are GONE WITH THE WIND as are all those 'LOCAL' small business education non-profits used to make our public education structures outsourced and disappearing.
'To support this mission, the Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Education in 2016, an increase of $3.6 billion, or 5.4 percent, over the 2015 level'.
Funding Highlights:
•The President’s 2016 Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding and $145 billion in new mandatory funding for the U.S. Department of Education.
Gone too is all that INNOVATION-----SCIENCE INCUBATOR---ENTREPRENEUR in pretending that WORLD BANK/IMF have any intentions of keeping any of what is ALL-AMERICAN PUBLIC EDUCATION in tact.
'Is the DMFAS Programme involved in the Debt Management Facility (DMF)?
The Debt Management Facility (DMF) is a multi-donor trust fund launched by the World Bank aiming at strengthening debt management capacities in Low-income countries. The DMFAS Programme has been involved in the DMF as Implementing Partner since its inception and contributes to a number of activities organized by the Work Bank under the DMF, including in Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA), in Medium-term Debt Strategy (MTDS) and Reform Plan missions. In addition, the Chief of the DMFAS Programme is a member of the DMF Technical Advisory Group (TAG)'.
Trump Seeks to Cut Education Budget by 5 Percent, Expand School Choice Push
By Andrew Ujifusa on February 12, 2018 1:05 PM
President Donald Trump is seeking a roughly 5 percent cut to the U.S. Department of Education's budget for fiscal 2019 in a proposal that also mirrors his spending plan from last year by seeking to eliminate a major teacher-focused grant and to expand school choice.
Trump's proposed budget, released Monday, would provide the Education Department with $63.2 billion in discretionary aid, a $3.6 billion cut—or 5.3 percent— from current spending levels, for the budget year starting Oct. 1. That's actually less of a cut than what the president sought for fiscal 2018, when he proposed slashing $9.2 billion—or 13.5 percent—from the department.
In order to achieve those proposed spending cuts, the president copied two major education cuts he proposed last year: the elimination of Title II teacher grants and the 21st Century Community Learning Centers. Those two cuts combined would come to about $3.1 billion from current levels. Overall, 39 discretionary programs would be cut, eliminated, or "streamlined."
"Decades of investments and billions of dollars in spending have shown that an increase in funding does not guarantee high-quality education," the Office of Management and Budget states in the budget document. "While the budget reduces the overall federal role in education, the budget makes strategic investments to support and empower families and improve access to postsecondary education, ensuring a future of prosperity for all Americans."
On the other side of the ledger, Trump is seeking $1 billion in grants for states for private and public school choice programs called Opportunity Grants. This new funding could also help districts that elect to participate in the Every Student Succeeds Act's weighted-funding pilot, which would allow federal, state, and local funding to follow students to the public school of their choice. Trump also wants $500 million in federal charter school funding, an increase of roughly 50 percent from current spending levels, which is also the same as his first budget blueprint.
Meanwhile, funding for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act state formula grants would remain the same ($12.8 billion), as would funding for Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education programs ($1.1 billion). And Title I funding for disadvantaged students, the biggest single K-12 program at the department, is pretty much flat-funded at about $15.4 billion.
"Too many of our children are still unprepared, despite billions of dollars injected into the system with the goal of improving the outcomes," Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos said in remarks Monday at the department to representatives from education groups.
STEM also gets some love: The budget provides "a path forward" to spend $200 million on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math education. This includes $180 million in funding for the Education Innovation and Research program, as well as $20 million in new STEM grants. The president announced this issue as a priority last September.
And the Title I set-aside states could use for Direct Student Services—think things like course choice and accelerated courses—would increase from 3 to 5 percent. However, only Louisana and New Mexico have shown an interest in using this set-aside under ESSA.
The budget proposes using the existing school climate transformation grant program to address the effects of opioids on students and schools. It would provide $43 million from a new cohort of grantees. The program's cost this fiscal year is $68 million.
The budget proposes giving priority to "applicants that describe how they would use funds to address the opioid epidemic, which would include at a minimum activities to prevent opioid abuse by students, and could also address the mental health needs of students who are negatively impacted by family or community members who are (or have been) opioid abusers." Similar to current recipients, grantees would use the funds evidence-based strategies to improve school climate and student behavior.
The President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis has recommended school-based strategies for addressing the epidemic, including an interview-based student drug screening model known as SBIRT.
Other programs to be scrapped:
The proposal seeks to eliminate a slew of other programs, many of which are popular in Congress. That includes the $400 million Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants, or Title IV of the Every Student Succeeds Act, which districts can use for health, arts, school climate, technology, and other purposes. It would also ax the $73 million Promise Neighborhoods program, which helps districts pair academics with other services, such as health, and the Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs, a nearly $340 million program that helps get low-income and first generation students ready for college.And it would zero out a trio of research programs totaling $140 million, including State Longitudinal Data Systems, Comprehensive Centers, and Regional Educational Laboratories. Also on the chopping block: the $190 million Comprehensive Literacy Development Grants, which help support reading programs; the $12 million Javits Gifted Education Program; and two programs geared towards Alaskan and Native Hawaiian Education, totaling more than $60 million.
And on the early childhood education front: The proposed budget would scrap the $250 million Preschool Development Grant program, which helps states develop or expand pre-school programs for four-year olds from low and moderate income families. The program is a huge priority for Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash.
It would also include a modest boost for the Head Start program of $85 million over the fiscal year 2018 ask, and $22 million over fiscal year 2017 levels. That brings the funding for Head Start to $9.275 billion. The Office of Head Start said earlier this month that it was delaying a plan to lengthen the Head Start day and year because the program doesn't have enough funding to do so without making major cuts to slots.
Keep this in mind about the 2019 budget: Things are even more muddled than usual, because Congress hasn't yet finalized appropriations for fiscal 2018. To stave off yet another government shutdown, lawmakers recently extended fiscal 2017 spending levels, and they've also agreed to raise spending caps on domestic discretionary programs that include education. Fiscal 2019 is due to start on Oct. 1.
But how seriously should you take this budget blueprint any way? If history's any guide, it won't go anywhere in Congress, where lawmakers are not in the habit of just rubber-stamping presidents' spending plans. The top Republican on the Senate subcommittee overseeing the Education Department's appropriations, Sen. Roy Blunt of Missouri, wasn't shy about sharply criticizing Trump's 2018 spending plan for the department when U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos testified in its defense last year. And the last plan's signature initiatives—three different school choice expansions—have been all but ignored.
Trump's fiscal 2018 budget plan for education would have cut the biggest percentage of Education Department funding since President Ronald Reagan's proposed reduction of 35.7 percent in his fiscal 1983 blueprint.
However, as we noted last week, the budget does signal the president's priorities when it comes to education. The Trump administration could act on its top issues outside the budget process.
Reactions Mixed
The American Federation for Children, a prominent school choice advocacy group, praised the budget blueprint for "putting more decision-making power into the hands of families."
"We support a competitive grant program to complement what states are currently doing to create more and better educational options for families and children, and we support the increased investment in charter schools," AFC President John Schilling said in a statement, adding that he hoped Congress would push for other forms of choice, including education savings accounts and vouchers for active-duty military families. (DeVos is the former chairwoman of the federation.)
And trying once again to get rid of Title II and after-school programs got the approval of Lindsey Burke, the director of the Center for Education Policy at the Heritage Foundation, which backs choice and a small federal footprint in K-12:
However, on the other side, the National Coalition for Public Education said it was "greatly disappointed" in the push to expand private school choice.
"The administration should be focused on strengthening our public schools, which educate 90 percent of our students, rather than promoting private school vouchers. Vouchers divert desperately needed resources away from the public school system to fund the education of a few voucher students in private, often religious schools," the coalition, which includes groups like the National PTA and the American Federation of Teachers, said in a statement.
And the AFT savaged the proposed overall spending reduction, with President Randi Weingarten saying this in a statement: "By putting forth a budget that includes the same cruel cuts as last year, Trump, DeVos and Vice President Pence show that they have failed to learn anything."
Our US BUDGET cannot be maintained while national debt climbs to hundreds of trillions due to interest et al to be paid on this national debt.
MANDATORY VS DISCRETIONARY REGARDING EDUCATION FUNDING-EDUCATION FUNDING IS DISCRETIONARY--MEANING IT WILL FALL TO NATIONAL DEBT.
What we hear today in US fake news media is TRUMP IS BAD KILLING EDUCATION----when in fact TRUMP is a LAME DUCK because of national debt.
'To support this mission, the Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Education in 2016, an increase of $3.6 billion, or 5.4 percent, over the 2015 level'.
'$3.9 billion increase for the Department of Education–the bill increases ED funding to its highest level (excluding the 2009 Recovery Act), providing a total of $70.9 billion for FY 2018'.
The major cuts to our US PUBLIC EDUCATION as we shouted came during the OBAMA 8 years.
June 4, 2019 Topic:
Economics Blog Brand: The Buzz Tags: Debt
EconomicsNational DebtTrump
By 2025, U.S. Interest Payments on the National Debt Will Pass the Defense Budget
With the gross national debt in excess of $22 trillion—nearly 105% of gross domestic product—and mandatory spending like interest on previous debt, Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid consuming 72% of current tax revenue, it’s easy to think that America’s fiscal woes have reached their worst point. But that’s not true. Our debt problems are about to get much worse.
The looming debt crisis will hurt these Americans the most
- The Congressional Budget Office confirmed on Monday what many Americans and all politicians already know: the United States is in a deeply precarious fiscal position.
- The debt overhang will have real impacts on Americans—imposing higher borrowing costs, changing retirement as we know it and slowing the rate of growth.
Benjamin Harris, former chief economist for Joe Biden
Published 1:26 PM ET Wed, 11 April 2018 Updated 7:59 PM ET Thu, 12 April 2018
The Congressional Budget Office confirmed on Monday what many Americans and all politicians already know: the United States is in a deeply precarious fiscal position.
In just one short year, our budget deficit has ballooned by over $1 trillion; by 2028 the accumulated debt is expected to roughly match the size of the economy. If our oversized public debt explodes into a full-blown crisis, no one can say we weren't warned.
The debt overhang will have real impacts on Americans—imposing higher borrowing costs, changing retirement as we know it and slowing the rate of growth. The plausible options for fixing the situation are diminishing, but fixing it should be a first-order policy priority.
The CBO's worrisome ten-year outlook underscores the severity of the situation and reveals three areas of major concern.
- Budget cuts: One plausible solution to the fiscal imbalance-budget cuts-is already dead. The Budget Control Act of 2011 put "non-military discretionary spending"—a category that basically encompasses everything but large social insurance programs and defense— on a path to the lowest levels we have ever seen. Further cuts are off-the-table as a deficit-reduction strategy, as substantially lower levels would effectively mean the death of public investment.
- Health-care spending: Long-term debt is closely tied to economy-wide health care costs, and by eliminating the individual mandate, Congress just undercut one of the most-effective strategies for holding down health spending—incentives to encourage more families to purchase insurance. In a 2014 paper I wrote with colleagues Alan Auerbach and William Gale, we projected that public debt in 2040 would grow to about 120 percent of GDP if health costs are kept in check and about 190 percent of GDP if they aren't. In other words, a fiscal crisis is all but guaranteed if we can't constrain cost growth in health care.
- Tax changes: The combination of cumulative cuts to the IRS budget and an economy increasingly reliant on independent contractors could foster a culture of evasion. IRS audit rates have fallen by about one-third over the past five years. At the same time, many expect workers to increasingly shift their income towards pass-through entities like partnerships and sole proprietorships, which historically have much higher evasion rates than employer-based pay. The combination could further depress tax receipts.
These concerns all exacerbate the fundamental problem with our fiscal dilemma: a structural mismatch between revenues and outlays. When the government consistently runs deficits in excess of 4 percent of GDP during the height of an economic expansion, policymakers are pretty much begging for a fiscal crisis. This imbalance will eventually impact millions.
Here's who will feel the most pain:
First up is any American hoping to borrow. Homebuyers seeking a mortgage. Students borrowing for tuition. Entrepreneurs looking for a small business loan. The 10-year Treasury bill rate has already risen by about 40 basis points this year alone, and earlier this week JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon said it could rise by another 120 basis points by year's end.
The second group facing a bleak future?
Retirees. With the ink barely dry on a budget-busting $1.5 trillion tax cut, a group of conservative economists recently proposed entitlement cuts to right the fiscal ship—calls from policymakers are soon to follow.
But there is simply no way to substantially cut these programs without forcing American seniors to work longer and pay more out-of-pocket for health care. If the cost to last year's corporate tax cut was losing an extra year or two of retirement, Americans should have been presented with an honest choice when the tax bill was passed back in December.
The third casualty affects everyone:
future growth. Whether by financial crisis, higher interest rates, or severed spending on public investment, these massive deficits will be a drag on economic growth one way or another. And when the next recession comes (and it will), we may not be able to stimulate our way out of it. America found its way out of the Great Recession in large part through tax rebates and infrastructure spending—these options may not be available if excessive debt is the cause of the slowdown in the first place.
Hmmmmm, if a super-majority of US TREASURY BOND DEBT FRAUD gave that BOND ownership to foreign corporations and global rich----to pay for building global factories in US FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES----then, why say FUTURE GROWTH IS HARMED?
There are plausible exit strategies. Cutting tax expenditures like stepped-up basis or untargeted incentives for retirement saving have long stood as a possible savior to our budget woes. Budget commissions of all stripes have recommended cutting these expenditures as a way to lower the debt, and eventually Congress just might listen.
A second option is one that almost no one talks about: collecting more of the taxes that are owed by taxpayers. Tax evasion costs the Treasury around $400 billion a year, which ultimately amounts to a massive tax on honest taxpayers. Our budget troubles would be solved in a day if tax evaders simply paid their fair share.
In the end, it's impossible to know how this fiscal imbalance will play out. But at least two things are clear One, the problem got a whole lot worse over the past year. And two, we are not finding our way out of this mess any time soon.
_________________________________________
Third world nations like US as DEBTOR NATIONS are tied to DEBT MANAGEMENT FACILITY of WORLD BANK/IMF. The contributors to DEBT MANAGEMENT do not include the US----but the US still pays membership.
The nations in this DEBT MANAGEMENT are the one's who decide what EDUCATION POLICY will like, the funding levels, and ONE WORLD ONE EDUCATION for all FOREIGN ECONOMIC ZONES has that global corporate tribunal writing EDUCATION POLICIES----not our US CONGRESS PEOPLE.
'The Congressional Budget Office confirmed on Monday what many Americans and all politicians already know: the United States is in a deeply precarious fiscal position.
In just one short year, our budget deficit has ballooned by over $1 trillion; by 2028 the accumulated debt is expected to roughly match the size of the economy. If our oversized public debt explodes into a full-blown crisis, no one can say we weren't warned.
The debt overhang will have real impacts on Americans—imposing higher borrowing costs, changing retirement as we know it and slowing the rate of growth. The plausible options for fixing the situation are diminishing, but fixing it should be a first-order policy priority'.
We see those global banking 1% OLD WORLD KINGS as DEBT MANAGEMENT---the same who gave us these few decades of CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA----sacking and looting---raping and pillaging gave us that $20 trillion national debt.
PAY-TO-PLAY kept those global banking 5% freemason/Greek players working hard to kill all our US FEDERAL AGENCIES with outsourcing and privatization----today, that PAY-TO-PLAY is going to those already having the BILLIONS----
BRIEF
Debt Management Facility (DMF)
July 10, 2019
World Bank Group
Expert Advice on Public Debt
- The Debt Management Facility (DMF) has supported expert assistance on debt management to low-income countries since 2008.
- The World Bank launched a third phase of the trust fund in April, 2019.
- DMF III will scale up, expand and launch new activities in light of increasing concerns about debt transparency.
Launched in November 2008, the Debt Management Facility (DMF) for Low-Income Countries (LICs) is a multi-donor trust fund that supports the scaling up and accelerated implementation of the World Bank Group's debt management work program in low-income countries. The trust fund is administered jointly by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The program has the specific objective of strengthening debt management capacity and institutions through a number of tools that help countries assess and plan their debt. The DMF also helps empower debt managers faced with political pressure to advocate for a prudent and sustainable approach to taking on new debt.
The DMF launched a third phase in April 2019. Its objective during the next five years is to strengthen debt management to reduce debt-related vulnerabilities and improve debt transparency. DMF III seeks to provide customized advice on sovereign debt management through the design and application of analytical tools, provision of tailored advisory services and implementation support, trainings, webinars and peer-to-peer learning. DMF III facilitates collaboration among debt management technical assistance providers and dialogue on debt issues among different stakeholders.
For a decade, the DMF has been supporting capacity building and reform implementation on debt management in over 80 countries, and has become an internationally recognized global program. With a proven record of excellence in building capacity in debt management and related fields since 2009, the DMF has supported over 280 Technical Assistance (TA) missions in about 80 countries and 14 subnational entities.
Significant strides have been made in debt management since 2008 in DMF-eligible countries. Today, more countries prepare and publish debt management strategies; the quality of debt records of government debt has improved; and many countries have improved the organization of their debt management institutions and coordination with fiscal policies through alignment with medium term fiscal frameworks.
Despite progress, important challenges remain. The financial landscape of DMF-eligible countries has evolved, presenting new opportunities and risks. The composition of debt portfolios is gradually shifting away from mainly concessional external debt to market-based debt. Domestic debt borrowing has increased rapidly, even in countries with small financial sectors and with weak debt management capacity. DMF III is uniquely positioned to adapt to emerging debt management challenges and is a critical component of the Bank-Fund Multipronged Approach for Addressing Emerging Debt Vulnerabilities.
" Countries were gaining access to international capital markets, but without proper training. Often, the result was poor terms. But after working with the DMF, debt sustainability analysis is integrated into macroeconomic planning. Hundreds of officials have been trained in debt management. Many countries have a medium-term debt management strategy. Countries can continue applying lessons learned from the DMF long after active programs have ended. "
_________________________________________________
'AMERICAN' BUDGET is an OXYMORON
Budget for Federal public schools was well over $120 billion going to mostly Federally mandated EQUAL OPPORTUNITY----so, this is what seeing disappearing.
We discussed things like WRAP-AROUND SCHOOLS----COMMUNITY SCHOOLS being very, very TEMPORARY and indeed the funding for these are GONE WITH THE WIND as are all those 'LOCAL' small business education non-profits used to make our public education structures outsourced and disappearing.
'To support this mission, the Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Education in 2016, an increase of $3.6 billion, or 5.4 percent, over the 2015 level'.
Funding Highlights:
•The President’s 2016 Budget provides $70.7 billion in discretionary funding and $145 billion in new mandatory funding for the U.S. Department of Education.
Gone too is all that INNOVATION-----SCIENCE INCUBATOR---ENTREPRENEUR in pretending that WORLD BANK/IMF have any intentions of keeping any of what is ALL-AMERICAN PUBLIC EDUCATION in tact.
'Is the DMFAS Programme involved in the Debt Management Facility (DMF)?
The Debt Management Facility (DMF) is a multi-donor trust fund launched by the World Bank aiming at strengthening debt management capacities in Low-income countries. The DMFAS Programme has been involved in the DMF as Implementing Partner since its inception and contributes to a number of activities organized by the Work Bank under the DMF, including in Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA), in Medium-term Debt Strategy (MTDS) and Reform Plan missions. In addition, the Chief of the DMFAS Programme is a member of the DMF Technical Advisory Group (TAG)'.
Trump Seeks to Cut Education Budget by 5 Percent, Expand School Choice Push
By Andrew Ujifusa on February 12, 2018 1:05 PM
President Donald Trump is seeking a roughly 5 percent cut to the U.S. Department of Education's budget for fiscal 2019 in a proposal that also mirrors his spending plan from last year by seeking to eliminate a major teacher-focused grant and to expand school choice.
Trump's proposed budget, released Monday, would provide the Education Department with $63.2 billion in discretionary aid, a $3.6 billion cut—or 5.3 percent— from current spending levels, for the budget year starting Oct. 1. That's actually less of a cut than what the president sought for fiscal 2018, when he proposed slashing $9.2 billion—or 13.5 percent—from the department.
In order to achieve those proposed spending cuts, the president copied two major education cuts he proposed last year: the elimination of Title II teacher grants and the 21st Century Community Learning Centers. Those two cuts combined would come to about $3.1 billion from current levels. Overall, 39 discretionary programs would be cut, eliminated, or "streamlined."
"Decades of investments and billions of dollars in spending have shown that an increase in funding does not guarantee high-quality education," the Office of Management and Budget states in the budget document. "While the budget reduces the overall federal role in education, the budget makes strategic investments to support and empower families and improve access to postsecondary education, ensuring a future of prosperity for all Americans."
On the other side of the ledger, Trump is seeking $1 billion in grants for states for private and public school choice programs called Opportunity Grants. This new funding could also help districts that elect to participate in the Every Student Succeeds Act's weighted-funding pilot, which would allow federal, state, and local funding to follow students to the public school of their choice. Trump also wants $500 million in federal charter school funding, an increase of roughly 50 percent from current spending levels, which is also the same as his first budget blueprint.
Meanwhile, funding for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act state formula grants would remain the same ($12.8 billion), as would funding for Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education programs ($1.1 billion). And Title I funding for disadvantaged students, the biggest single K-12 program at the department, is pretty much flat-funded at about $15.4 billion.
"Too many of our children are still unprepared, despite billions of dollars injected into the system with the goal of improving the outcomes," Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos said in remarks Monday at the department to representatives from education groups.
STEM also gets some love: The budget provides "a path forward" to spend $200 million on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math education. This includes $180 million in funding for the Education Innovation and Research program, as well as $20 million in new STEM grants. The president announced this issue as a priority last September.
And the Title I set-aside states could use for Direct Student Services—think things like course choice and accelerated courses—would increase from 3 to 5 percent. However, only Louisana and New Mexico have shown an interest in using this set-aside under ESSA.
The budget proposes using the existing school climate transformation grant program to address the effects of opioids on students and schools. It would provide $43 million from a new cohort of grantees. The program's cost this fiscal year is $68 million.
The budget proposes giving priority to "applicants that describe how they would use funds to address the opioid epidemic, which would include at a minimum activities to prevent opioid abuse by students, and could also address the mental health needs of students who are negatively impacted by family or community members who are (or have been) opioid abusers." Similar to current recipients, grantees would use the funds evidence-based strategies to improve school climate and student behavior.
The President's Commission on Combating Drug Addiction and the Opioid Crisis has recommended school-based strategies for addressing the epidemic, including an interview-based student drug screening model known as SBIRT.
Other programs to be scrapped:
The proposal seeks to eliminate a slew of other programs, many of which are popular in Congress. That includes the $400 million Student Support and Academic Enrichment Grants, or Title IV of the Every Student Succeeds Act, which districts can use for health, arts, school climate, technology, and other purposes. It would also ax the $73 million Promise Neighborhoods program, which helps districts pair academics with other services, such as health, and the Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs, a nearly $340 million program that helps get low-income and first generation students ready for college.And it would zero out a trio of research programs totaling $140 million, including State Longitudinal Data Systems, Comprehensive Centers, and Regional Educational Laboratories. Also on the chopping block: the $190 million Comprehensive Literacy Development Grants, which help support reading programs; the $12 million Javits Gifted Education Program; and two programs geared towards Alaskan and Native Hawaiian Education, totaling more than $60 million.
And on the early childhood education front: The proposed budget would scrap the $250 million Preschool Development Grant program, which helps states develop or expand pre-school programs for four-year olds from low and moderate income families. The program is a huge priority for Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash.
It would also include a modest boost for the Head Start program of $85 million over the fiscal year 2018 ask, and $22 million over fiscal year 2017 levels. That brings the funding for Head Start to $9.275 billion. The Office of Head Start said earlier this month that it was delaying a plan to lengthen the Head Start day and year because the program doesn't have enough funding to do so without making major cuts to slots.
Keep this in mind about the 2019 budget: Things are even more muddled than usual, because Congress hasn't yet finalized appropriations for fiscal 2018. To stave off yet another government shutdown, lawmakers recently extended fiscal 2017 spending levels, and they've also agreed to raise spending caps on domestic discretionary programs that include education. Fiscal 2019 is due to start on Oct. 1.
But how seriously should you take this budget blueprint any way? If history's any guide, it won't go anywhere in Congress, where lawmakers are not in the habit of just rubber-stamping presidents' spending plans. The top Republican on the Senate subcommittee overseeing the Education Department's appropriations, Sen. Roy Blunt of Missouri, wasn't shy about sharply criticizing Trump's 2018 spending plan for the department when U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos testified in its defense last year. And the last plan's signature initiatives—three different school choice expansions—have been all but ignored.
Trump's fiscal 2018 budget plan for education would have cut the biggest percentage of Education Department funding since President Ronald Reagan's proposed reduction of 35.7 percent in his fiscal 1983 blueprint.
However, as we noted last week, the budget does signal the president's priorities when it comes to education. The Trump administration could act on its top issues outside the budget process.
Reactions Mixed
The American Federation for Children, a prominent school choice advocacy group, praised the budget blueprint for "putting more decision-making power into the hands of families."
"We support a competitive grant program to complement what states are currently doing to create more and better educational options for families and children, and we support the increased investment in charter schools," AFC President John Schilling said in a statement, adding that he hoped Congress would push for other forms of choice, including education savings accounts and vouchers for active-duty military families. (DeVos is the former chairwoman of the federation.)
And trying once again to get rid of Title II and after-school programs got the approval of Lindsey Burke, the director of the Center for Education Policy at the Heritage Foundation, which backs choice and a small federal footprint in K-12:
However, on the other side, the National Coalition for Public Education said it was "greatly disappointed" in the push to expand private school choice.
"The administration should be focused on strengthening our public schools, which educate 90 percent of our students, rather than promoting private school vouchers. Vouchers divert desperately needed resources away from the public school system to fund the education of a few voucher students in private, often religious schools," the coalition, which includes groups like the National PTA and the American Federation of Teachers, said in a statement.
And the AFT savaged the proposed overall spending reduction, with President Randi Weingarten saying this in a statement: "By putting forth a budget that includes the same cruel cuts as last year, Trump, DeVos and Vice President Pence show that they have failed to learn anything."
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