We want to look at the scope of what privatizing and ending higher education for WE THE PEOPLE will look like as some state's universities work to become one of the global corporate Ivy Leagues-----some are folded into private corporations as our state medical schools-----some are re-purposed as the lower-tiered vocational career colleges. The Republican southern states have always had a different approach to public schools and universities often ignoring US Constitutional Amendments on Equal Protection and Title 9 using Federal higher education selectively. Northern and Western states being Democratic did a good job for almost a century in making our public universities thrive.
Wall Street global corporate pols will make our public university system sound as if FDR created it but many of these state and local public universities have been around since late 1700s ---early 1800s. What FDR did was expand them, created the community college system, and subsidized funding to allow a broader population enter college. Public universities open to broad population was occurring in Europe after the revolutions of 1700. It is a long-standing democratic republic policy.
When we say today---IVY LEAGUE-----it does not have the original sports designation---it means universities tied to global Wall Street operating as corporations. It is no longer Northeast Harvard or Yale---and many states are restructuring their state universities to be IVY LEAGUE UNIVERSITIES----WALL STREET GLOBAL CORPORATIONS. Rutgers and Princeton--- University of Pennsylvania----Berkeley and Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT have these few decades been those IVY LEAGUE Wall Street global corporate public university campuses. So, when this article below quells the talk of these campuses going Ivy League----they are playing the sports designation to what is actually the Wall Street designation. There are none more Wall Street than Princeton and Rutgers having that Ivy League attachment for these few decades.
IVY LEAGUE now refers to our US universities going global and corporate both private and public. As we know, when this happens the tuition soars and they become exclusive the the detriment of local citizens.
University of Maryland College Park is pushing hard to become that public Ivy League Wall Street global corporation for example.
30 April 2009, 03:33 AM
snopes Join Date: 18 February 2000
Location: California
Posts: 109,577
William & Mary/Rutgers and the Ivy League
Comment: Hello,
There has been much talks and rumors about Rutgers (and William and Mary)
turning doing the Ivy League invite in the past.
Below is a post that I found of interest:
"Frankly, the story does not make much sense. Both Rutgers and William &
Mary (my wife, my sister, my brother-in-law, and I are W&M grads and my
son is a current student) are currently, and were at the time the Ivy
League was founded, public institutions and it is unlikely they would have
been invited. For one thing, their reliance on state support would have
made it impossible for them to go private and the Ivy League would not
have wanted to hurt its yield by offering them admission only to be turned
down. See? The Ivy League has been gaming the system right from the
beginning.
Seriously, though, the myth seems based on W&M and Rutgers being two of the nine Colonial Colleges - those founded before the American Revolution.
The other seven are all Ivies, so this common history could very easily be the tiny seed of truth that often gives rise to an urban legend. Tie into that that Rutgers and Princeton played what is considered to be the first intercollegiate football game, and that Rutgers and William & Mary often play non-league games with the Ivies, and you have yourselves an urban
legend.
In 1792, the President of the College of New Jersey, John Witherspoon, proposed a union of that college with Queen's College of New Brunswick, NJ. A committee of Princeton Trustees was formed to meet with the Trustees of Queen's College.
At the Princeton Trustees Meeting of December 18th, 1793, it was reported that the Trustees of Queen's College rejected the offer (pp. 319-320)
"Dr. Witherspoon reported that he had received a letter from Archibald Mercer Esqr. informing him that the Trustees of Queen's College had rejected the poropositions of the joint committees of that college & the college of New Jersey on the subject of a uion of the two institutions."
The College of New Jersey was the future Princeton University and Queen's College became Rutgers University.
__________________________________________
Obama and Clinton neo-liberals in Congress joined Republicans in dismantling all of FDR's New Deal higher education funding directing it to job training certificate/lower-degree programs making it harder and harder for the 99% to access strong public universities. 1% Wall Street says---WE WILL SELECT THE KINDS OF STUDENTS WE WANT HAVING HIGHER EDUCATION and those numbers are becoming fewer and fewer. Who does Wall Street and global corporations SELECT for grants and scholarships to higher education? WALL STREET PLAYERS. This has been somewhat of a history in Maryland and it is why all pols in Baltimore are working for Wall Street Baltimore Development. If we look at all public universities across the US----we will see Ivy League grads filling those top executive spots. If we are going corporate with our public universities we need a CEO-----AND EXECUTIVE BOARD---and not a standard academic Chancellor and Dean.
IT IS THIS ACCESS TO STRONG, QUALITY HIGHER EDUCATION ---NOT THE TIERED, CHEAPENED ONE THEY ARE CREATING----THAT ALLOWS WE THE PEOPLE TO CLIMB THE INCOME LADDER AND BE LEADERS.
All public university campuses should have students with rolling protests to stop this defunding and dismantling. If students are shouting against higher tuition, against loss of student jobs, against campus violence----all good issues----none of this will make a difference if these public universities disappear. It matters who we elect as governor of a state----these appointments to our public universities MATTER.
If we look below and imagine how much real estate, how large the facilities, how much government funding comes to these state universities and then imagine all that being handed to global Wall Street and global corporations----we see trillions of dollars of public assets again taken.
Alabama
Florida
Kentucky
The 14 universities in PaSSHE are state-owned. They are directly governed by gubernatorial appointees sitting on the PaSSHE Board of Governors. Each university also has an independent Council of Trustees appointed by the Commonwealth's governor.
Universities of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education receive public funds and reduce tuition for residents of Pennsylvania. Gubernatorial appointees are always a minority of their respective governing boards.
If we take a broad look at what these Wall Street privatization of our public universities will look like just think about what we read in the media about how the affluent NYC parents fight/undermine/pay tons of money just to get their children into the best pre-K---then the best grade school----then the best high school prep----to ultimately get into the best Ivy League. This is what global neo-liberal education is and this is exactly what Asian nations with International Economic Zones have had to put up with as their only pathway through schools. Those wealth parents in the US are those striving to be that 2% to the 1% and these schools are what will be left for 99% of citizens to compete to enter. Add to this the recruitment to foreign students and we see without strong public universities for WE THE PEOPLE----we will not be able to climb the ONE WORLD ECONOMIC LADDER.
The real estate upon which our public universities is tremendously valuable if one looks at what a GLOBAL COSMOPOLITAN city looks like. BAltimore City Center filled with the global 1% and their 2% will eclipse a University of Maryland Medical Center----a Morgan State/Coppin State/University of Baltimore. These properties are too valuable to remain public say the 1% Wall Street. Most of our public universities are right downtown in US cities deemed International Economic Zones. They will be re-purposed and enfolded into IVY LEAGUE corporate campuses.
'While the universal pre-school program sounds like a good idea, if you happen to be among the 15 percent asked to travel forty blocks or even to another borough, the promise of universal pre-K isn’t so universal'.
If we know Obama and Clinton Wall Street global corporate neo-liberals then we know they are posing progressive with this UNIVERSAL FREE PRE-K -----DE BLASIO SOLD AS A SOCIAL PROGRESSIVE WAS ALWAYS A CLINTON NEO-LIBERAL. We cannot really expect much from ground zero Wall Street with NYC but we MUST STAND STRONG on making these policies meant to be public -----be installed as public. What Obama was doing of course was yet again moving the 99% out of US city centers and using those pre-K funds to build for-profit pre-K schools that will soak the parents just as before. Baltimore's public school system ---what is left of it---has operated like this for decades----schools being used as development tools---
AGAIN, IF REPUBLICAN VOTERS DO NOT DROP RACE AND CLASS THE 99% OF AMERICANS WILL LOSE ALL ACCESS TO A STRONG PUBLIC PRE-K-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION PATHWAY.
We already know the only pre-K structures that will actually remain will be those in city centers charging $20,000 per student because---that is what Wall Street global corporate neo-liberal education looks like around the world.
Those parents partnering with private pre-Ks will see that funding used to expand what will be a corporate structure that will disappear as regards affordability---as will this Congressional funding for pre-K.
City Parents Disgruntled Over De Blasio’s Pre-K Program, Some Forced To Travel An Hour To Get To School
May 9, 2016 5:40 PM
Filed Under: Bill de Blasio, Emily Smith, universal pre-K
2NEW YORK (CBSNewYork)– Mayor Bill de Blasio’s universal pre-kindergarten program is going into its third year and promises a free seat for every city child.
In past years, the program received complaints from parents who were told things would be smoother this year, CBS2’s Emily Smith reports.
The first round of letters went out to parents telling them which school their child will be placed in, but some families are calling the program a joke.
For a New York City family to send a child to private pre-school, it costs $20,000 a year and up.
So when Jacqueline Taylor saw de Blasio’s 2013 campaign to provide free pre-school for all four-year-olds, she felt confident her growing family could continue to live in Manhattan.
“We really banked on this universal pre-K system because everyone in New York City is promised a seat,” she said.
However, the Department of Education sent letters this month telling families whether their top 12 choices could be accommodated. Taylor not only got rejected from all schools near her Upper West Side home, but was told her son Benjamin would have to travel an hour to Brooklyn to go to pre-school.
“I thought my son would get to go to school next year but he can’t, so he will stay home with me and the baby,” Taylor said.
Countless others tell similar stories of four-year-olds slotted for schools two city miles away.
“We got a spot on West 44th Street in a different district which is forcing us to pay another year… [It’s costing us] roughly $30,000,” Upper West Side parent David Miller said.
“We would just be out of luck and we are middle-class and we can’t afford to put her in an all day pre-K next year,” Upper West Side parent Julianna Parmenter said.
According to DOE, 85 percent of families received an offer to one of their top three free high-quality pre-kindergarten programs.
Lydia Budianto feels lucky to get her first choice school. She’s been paying $20,000 a year for her three-year-old to go to Play Together NYC private daycare. Now her son will remain at the same school for free.
The owner of Budianto’s pre-school said the city offered her $10,000 a child to go part-public and open slots to universal pre-K. Those who have been there for the toddler daycare program get first priority.
“They are actively trying to partner with more and more private schools like mine…. that’s a solution,” pre-school director Nyla Kamlet said.
While the universal pre-school program sounds like a good idea, if you happen to be among the 15 percent asked to travel forty blocks or even to another borough, the promise of universal pre-K isn’t so universal.
City officials insist that a child would never be placed in another borough but CBS2 found at least two cases of that happening. A city spokesperson also told CBS2 that a parent can apply for any upcoming available seat in round two, and there’s also an outreach team to help families find the best program for them.
__________________________________________________
We know the goal of US cities as Foreign Economic Zones is to bring to these US cities the rich from around the world....the 1% and their 2%. NYC was our one US cosmopolitan city for centuries----these few decades have seen Chicago,LA, and San Francisco brought into this fold. What Obama and Clinton neo-liberals have as a goal is making all US cities these same global cosmopolitan cities. Extreme wealth in city centers surrounded by extreme poverty outside. When Wall Street global pols PRETEND they are passing and funding policies aimed at the poor or working class it never has anything to do with these citizens. It always has to do with building structures for corporations and the rich. US city centers were allowed to decay and 1% Wall Street need all kinds of private education corporations inside city centers to serve and soak incoming global rich. That is what pre-K funding is---and this should open our eyes to the dismantling of all our public universities---
GET RID OF WALL STREET GLOBAL POLS----ALL BALTIMORE POLS ARE CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA WALL STREET PLAYERS.
We cannot rebuild a developed nation, American working and middle-class if we allow these US cities as foreign economic zone policies continue. BLACK , WHITE, OR BROWN CITIZEN ---IT IS BAD EDUCATION POLICY.
San Francisco is top locale for California's ultra-wealthy
Dec 3, 2014, 7:30am PST Updated Dec 3, 2014, 9:44am PST
Industries & Tags
Marlize van Romburgh Special Projects Editor San Francisco Business TimesThere's rich, there's richer — and then there's really, really, really, really rich.
The Golden State has the largest number of ultra-wealthy people — those with $30 million or more in net assets — in the United States.
Enlarge The Golden Gate Bridge seen from a home on Belvedere Island in Marin County. California… more
David Paul Morris | Bloomberg
And they're mostly in San Francisco and Los Angeles.
The figures come from the latest Wealth-X Special Report on America's Ultra Wealthy Population. But New York City is still the city with the largest ultra-wealthy population in the U.S. — and actually the world. (But hey, San Francisco is still more expensive.)
[Scroll down for a video presentation of the report.]
An estimated 5,460 super-rich people are based in San Francisco, slightly topping Los Angeles, which has 5,135. The two cities alone make up a considerable chunk of the estimated 13,445 ultra-high-net-worth people living in California, the report said. (Fun fact: California's super-rich population is larger than the entire high-net-worth population of the United Kingdom, 11,510).
The U.S. is also home to the largest population of billionaires, with 571. There are an estimated 2,325 billionaires around the world.
Photos: 10 most expensive San Francisco homes sold (so far) in 2014
The state of New York ranks second in the U.S., with 9,530 super-wealthy people calling the Empire State home, Wealth-X said. (A whopping 91 percent of them live in the Big Apple itself.)
And the two states are adding more rich residents by the day: California added 865 ultra-wealthy people to its population this year, while New York added 585.
Is North Dakota the future home of the U.S.' uber wealthy? The state's ultra-high-net-worth population grew 14.3 percent this year, likely as a result of new-found oil riches.
Florida's super-wealthy population grew 10 percent this year, with almost 500 residents joining those elite ranks. Michigan added almost 200 new high-net-worth residents.
___________________________________________
As we see below, admissions are falling as international applicants are given equal footing to Americans in these global corporate IVY LEAGUE universities. If we allow our public universities to be dismantled and only these IVY LEAGUE research universities remain and expand in our cities----there will only be room for a global 1% and their 2%---in the world of ONE WORLD 1% WALL STREET THE FEWER WORLD CITIZENS WITH WEALTH THE BETTER!
'We are often asked by prospective students, “Do you count me as an international applicant?” Because applicants from outside the United States go through the same admissions process as American students, we do not categorize individual applicants in such a way. We have no quotas of any kind for admission, all applications are evaluated by the same criteria, and financial aid is equally available to all students regardless of citizenship.
When we refer to “international admissions,” we are generally referring to applicants who apply from schools outside the United States. In general, if you are applying from a school abroad, you will follow the same procedures and timetables as candidates applying from schools located in the United States'.
We are already seeing these several years this transition to global student body even in University of Maryland College Park and system. After the coming economic crash from bond market fraud----the recruiting overseas will heighten as the American citizens fall into deeper poverty.
OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES ARE LOSING FUNDING FOR TWO REASONS----OBAMA AND CLINTON NEO-LIBERALS CHANGED THE FEDERAL FUNDING TO PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES MAKING IT HARDER FOR OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES NOT RECEIVING THE HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS IN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FACILITY FUNDING TO STAY OPEN. SECOND, CITIES AND STATES ARE NOT RECEIVING ANY TAXES FROM CORPORATIONS AND THE RICH AND SUBSIDIZING BOTH----AND THIS IS THE POLICY THAT NEEDS TO BE REVERSED.
Each state and US city has plenty of revenue resources to keep our public universities as well as public K-12 open and strong---we simply need to reverse the give-aways to Wall Street frauds and corporate development.
The American people have never worried about people getting rich----about private universities and their global ambitions----we surely welcome our foreign students to our US universities. WE THE PEOPLE are standing firm on retaining these public education structures geared towards advancing the US working/middle-class, and poor.
By Aimee Picchi MoneyWatch April 1, 2015, 4:04 PM
Harvard's acceptance rate dips to record low
Harvard has always been selective, but this year's chance of receiving an acceptance letter was the slimmest ever.
Just 5.3 percent of this year's 37,307 applicants to Harvard received an admissions letter, the college said on Wednesday. That's a record low for the Ivy League institution, which last year had a 5.9 percent acceptance rate. Other Ivy League colleges announced their acceptance rates after sending out their admissions notifications at 5 p.m. on Tuesday.
Other Ivy League colleges also posted low acceptance rates, with Columbia University posting a record low 6.1 percent admissions rate. The slimmer chance of acceptance comes as top colleges are increasingly marketing themselves to high-achieving seniors, causing some college counselors to criticize the efforts as "misleading" since it raises hopes that are likely to be dashed given the difficult entry statistics.
Many applicants to Harvard had "strong academic credentials," admissions director Marlyn E. McGrath said in a statement. More than 16,000 of the applicants scored above 700 on the SAT math test, for instance, while 3,000 were ranked first in their high school classes.
Given that Harvard and other Ivy League schools are viewed as a ticket to gaining a higher step on the socio-economic ladder, a huge industry has grown up around preparing high school students to make the best presentation to admissions officials. Aside from SAT prep classes and the like, there are special coaches who, for small fortunes, will help make students into ideal candidates.
Take the case of Steven Ma, the founder of tutoring center ThinkTank. He told Bloomberg Markets that a Hong Kong CEO agreed to pay his company $1.1 million if his son got into the top-ranked college in U.S. News' 2012 rankings, which at the time was a tie between Harvard and Princeton. The son didn't make the cut, but ended up going to Syracuse University, earning Ma $400,000 for his work.
Cornell University had the highest acceptance rate of all the Ivies, giving the green light to 14.9 percent of all applicants, up from 14 percent in 2014, according to Business Insider. Stanford University, which isn't an Ivy League college, was the most selective of all, with a 5 percent acceptance rate, a record low for the institution.
Most Selective Ivy League Universities | StartClassFor the thousands of students who spend years cultivating the perfect test scores and after-school activities to appeal to Ivy League admissions officers, receiving a rejection can be devastating, even though the acceptance levels are so low that it can seem like a crapshoot to some.
"Sometimes there's no rhyme or reason, or there is and you can't really figure it out," senior Jake Millman, who was waitlisted at Harvard and Stanford but accepted at other schools including Princeton, told Bloomberg News.
_________________________________
Conservative Republicans and conservative Democrats can agree with social Democrats that naked capitalism has to go ---it is not free market----it is not pro-business growth----it kills our local economies and with it our economic stability.
EVEN HERE WE ARE NOT SEEING THE MENTION OF OUR UNIVERSITIES ONLY TEACHING NEO-LIBERAL ECONOMICS. WE MUST SHAKE UP OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES TO PUSH NEO-LIBERAL ECONOMICS TO THE BACKGROUND. This should be the #1 student campus issue!
'Meanwhile, all those adjunct faculty are far more subject to managerial control and regulation than are tenured professors. Aside from their low cost, that is one of the principal reasons why they are so attractive to university managers'.
OpinionPoverty & Development25 April 2013
The neoliberal assault on academia
The neoliberal sacking of the universities runs much deeper than tuition hikes and budget cuts, notes Barkawi.
Students are increasingly unwilling to take on massive debt for jobs they have little confidence of getting [EPA]
ByTarak Barkawi
Tarak Barkawi is Reader in the Department of International Relations, London School of Economics.
Story highlights
The New York Times, Slate and Al Jazeera have recently drawn attention to the adjunctification of the professoriate in the US. Only 24 per cent of university and college faculty are now tenured or tenure-track.
Much of the coverage has focused on the sub-poverty wages of adjunct faculty, their lack of job security and the growing legions of unemployed and under-employed PhDs. Elsewhere, the focus has been on web-based learning and the massive open online courses (MOOCs), with some commentators celebrating and others lamenting their arrival.
The two developments are not unrelated. Harvard recently asked its alumni to volunteer their time as "online mentors" and "discussion group managers" for an online course.
Fewer professors and fewer qualified - or even paid - teaching assistants will be required in higher education's New Order.
Lost amid the fetishisation of information technology and the pathos of the struggle over proper working conditions for adjunct faculty is the deeper crisis of the academic profession occasioned by neoliberalism. This crisis is connected to the economics of higher education but it is not primarily about that.
The neoliberal sacking of the universities runs much deeper than tuition fee hikes and budget cuts.
Thatcherite budget-cutting exercise
The professions are in part defined by the fact that they are self-governing and self-regulating. For many years now, the professoriate has not only been ceding power to a neoliberal managerial class, but has in many cases been actively collaborating with it.
As a dose of shock capitalism, the 2008 financial crisis accelerated processes already well underway. In successive waves, the crisis has hit each pillar of the American university system. The initial stock market crash blasted the endowments of the prestige private universities. Before long, neoliberal ideologues and their disastrous austerity policies undermined state and eventually federal funding for universities and their research.
Tuition soared and students turned even more to debt financing. Now that bubble is bursting and hitting all the institutions of higher education that depend on tuition. Students are increasingly unwilling to take on massive debt for jobs they have little confidence of getting.
The upshot is to soften the resistance of faculty to change, in part by making people fear for their jobs but mostly by creating a generalised sense of crisis. It becomes all the easier for some academic "leaders" to be drawn up into the recurrent task of "reinventing" the university.
Here is the intersection with neoliberal management culture. Neoliberal managers thrive not by bringing in new resources - since austerity is always the order of the day - but by constantly rearranging the deck chairs. Each manager seeks to reorganise and restructure in order to leave his or her mark. They depart for the next lucrative job before the ship goes under.
One consequence is the mania for mergers of departments and faculties in the US and the UK. In both the university and corporate world, mergers are not only demoralising for staff, but they also break up solidarities and destroy traditions and make staff much more amenable to control from above.
Such projects have little to do with academic excellence or even purposes, and often are self-defeating as the managers and the quislings among the professoriate who assist them have little idea what they are doing.
One of the only things the University of Birmingham was ever known for in the wider world was its Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. In 2002, the Centre was shut down by fiat in an act of vandalism described as "restructuring". The justification given for this was yet another neoliberal exercise then known as the Research Assessment Exercise, or RAE.
US universities to consider
positive discrimination
In US terms, post-tenure review is an imperfect analogy for the salutary and depressing tale of the RAE. Invented by Margaret Thatcher's government, the basic idea is to rank all the departments in any one discipline and channel funding to the "best" departments, while cutting funding to the rest. The RAE was an assault on the basic idea of a university - the universe of knowledge - since universities would lose poor performing departments.
In neoliberal speak, this may sound very sensible. But imagine what happens to, say, physics and biology students, when, as the University of Exeter did, the chemistry department is shut down. Who will teach them chemistry?
More to the point, how do you judge which is "best"? For this, the RAE needed the willing and active collaboration of the professoriate.
When I first held a UK academic post in the relatively early days of the RAE in the late 1990s, academics talked about it as if it were just some form they had to fill out, an annoying bureaucratic exercise that would not really affect us. Others, academic "leaders", saw it as an opportunity to do down their colleagues in other universities and channel funds to their own departments.
Neoliberal assault on the universities
In this way, the professors themselves helped to administer and legitimate a Thatcherite budget-cutting exercise. Worse, they participated in what they know to be a fiction: that you can rank scholarly research like you can restaurants or hotels so as to determine which departments have the "best" faculty.
Little more than a decade later - and now known as the Research Excellence Framework (REF) - this five-yearly exercise completely dominates UK academic life. It determines hiring patterns, career progression, and status and duties within departments. It organises the research projects of individual scholars so as to meet arbitrary deadlines. It has created space for a whole class of paid consultants who rank scholarship and assist in putting together REF returns.
UK academics regularly talk about each other's work in terms of whether this or that book or article is "three star" or "four star". Again, for those attuned to neoliberal ways of thinking, this may appear natural. But remember that the entire point of university research is conversation and contestation over what is true and right. In the natural sciences, as in the social sciences and humanities, one person's truth is another person's tosh, and valid knowledge emerges from the clash of many different perspectives.
Somehow, UK professors have become intimately bound up in administering and legitimating a government-run exercise that now shapes more of university life than they themselves do. They have actively ceded their power.
US faculty need to keep this travesty in mind.
Something as apparently innocuous as an accreditation agency demanding that syllabi be written in a particular format, or majors justified in a particular way, can wind up empowering university management to intimately regulate teaching. A meaningless buzzword in the mouth of a dean, such as "new majority student", might in practice help legitimate the hiring of less qualified faculty. After all, if "teacher ownership of content" is old fashioned, why do you need to hire a professor who can create his or her own course?
The bottom line of the neoliberal assault on the universities is the increasing power of management and the undermining of faculty self-governance. The real story behind MOOCs may be the ways in which they assist management restructuring efforts of core university practices, under the smiley-faced banner of "open access" and assisted in some cases by their "superstar", camera-ready professors.
Meanwhile, all those adjunct faculty are far more subject to managerial control and regulation than are tenured professors. Aside from their low cost, that is one of the principal reasons why they are so attractive to university managers.
Tarak Barkawi is Associate Professor in the Department of Politics, New School for Social Research.
Wall Street global corporate pols will make our public university system sound as if FDR created it but many of these state and local public universities have been around since late 1700s ---early 1800s. What FDR did was expand them, created the community college system, and subsidized funding to allow a broader population enter college. Public universities open to broad population was occurring in Europe after the revolutions of 1700. It is a long-standing democratic republic policy.
When we say today---IVY LEAGUE-----it does not have the original sports designation---it means universities tied to global Wall Street operating as corporations. It is no longer Northeast Harvard or Yale---and many states are restructuring their state universities to be IVY LEAGUE UNIVERSITIES----WALL STREET GLOBAL CORPORATIONS. Rutgers and Princeton--- University of Pennsylvania----Berkeley and Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT have these few decades been those IVY LEAGUE Wall Street global corporate public university campuses. So, when this article below quells the talk of these campuses going Ivy League----they are playing the sports designation to what is actually the Wall Street designation. There are none more Wall Street than Princeton and Rutgers having that Ivy League attachment for these few decades.
IVY LEAGUE now refers to our US universities going global and corporate both private and public. As we know, when this happens the tuition soars and they become exclusive the the detriment of local citizens.
University of Maryland College Park is pushing hard to become that public Ivy League Wall Street global corporation for example.
30 April 2009, 03:33 AM
snopes Join Date: 18 February 2000
Location: California
Posts: 109,577
William & Mary/Rutgers and the Ivy League
Comment: Hello,
There has been much talks and rumors about Rutgers (and William and Mary)
turning doing the Ivy League invite in the past.
Below is a post that I found of interest:
"Frankly, the story does not make much sense. Both Rutgers and William &
Mary (my wife, my sister, my brother-in-law, and I are W&M grads and my
son is a current student) are currently, and were at the time the Ivy
League was founded, public institutions and it is unlikely they would have
been invited. For one thing, their reliance on state support would have
made it impossible for them to go private and the Ivy League would not
have wanted to hurt its yield by offering them admission only to be turned
down. See? The Ivy League has been gaming the system right from the
beginning.
Seriously, though, the myth seems based on W&M and Rutgers being two of the nine Colonial Colleges - those founded before the American Revolution.
The other seven are all Ivies, so this common history could very easily be the tiny seed of truth that often gives rise to an urban legend. Tie into that that Rutgers and Princeton played what is considered to be the first intercollegiate football game, and that Rutgers and William & Mary often play non-league games with the Ivies, and you have yourselves an urban
legend.
In 1792, the President of the College of New Jersey, John Witherspoon, proposed a union of that college with Queen's College of New Brunswick, NJ. A committee of Princeton Trustees was formed to meet with the Trustees of Queen's College.
At the Princeton Trustees Meeting of December 18th, 1793, it was reported that the Trustees of Queen's College rejected the offer (pp. 319-320)
"Dr. Witherspoon reported that he had received a letter from Archibald Mercer Esqr. informing him that the Trustees of Queen's College had rejected the poropositions of the joint committees of that college & the college of New Jersey on the subject of a uion of the two institutions."
The College of New Jersey was the future Princeton University and Queen's College became Rutgers University.
__________________________________________
Obama and Clinton neo-liberals in Congress joined Republicans in dismantling all of FDR's New Deal higher education funding directing it to job training certificate/lower-degree programs making it harder and harder for the 99% to access strong public universities. 1% Wall Street says---WE WILL SELECT THE KINDS OF STUDENTS WE WANT HAVING HIGHER EDUCATION and those numbers are becoming fewer and fewer. Who does Wall Street and global corporations SELECT for grants and scholarships to higher education? WALL STREET PLAYERS. This has been somewhat of a history in Maryland and it is why all pols in Baltimore are working for Wall Street Baltimore Development. If we look at all public universities across the US----we will see Ivy League grads filling those top executive spots. If we are going corporate with our public universities we need a CEO-----AND EXECUTIVE BOARD---and not a standard academic Chancellor and Dean.
IT IS THIS ACCESS TO STRONG, QUALITY HIGHER EDUCATION ---NOT THE TIERED, CHEAPENED ONE THEY ARE CREATING----THAT ALLOWS WE THE PEOPLE TO CLIMB THE INCOME LADDER AND BE LEADERS.
All public university campuses should have students with rolling protests to stop this defunding and dismantling. If students are shouting against higher tuition, against loss of student jobs, against campus violence----all good issues----none of this will make a difference if these public universities disappear. It matters who we elect as governor of a state----these appointments to our public universities MATTER.
If we look below and imagine how much real estate, how large the facilities, how much government funding comes to these state universities and then imagine all that being handed to global Wall Street and global corporations----we see trillions of dollars of public assets again taken.
Alabama
- University of Alabama System
- University of Alabama (Alabama) (Tuscaloosa - flagship/main campus)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB)
- University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH)
- Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University (Alabama A&M)
- Alabama State University (Alabama State)
- Athens State University
- Auburn University system
- Auburn University (Auburn) (Auburn - flagship/main campus)
- Auburn University at Montgomery
- Jacksonville State University
- University of Montevallo
- University of North Alabama (UNA)
- University of South Alabama (USA)
- Troy University system
- Troy University (Troy) (Troy - flagship/main campus)
- Troy University at Dothan
- Troy University at Montgomery
- University of West Alabama (UWA)
- University of Alaska System
- University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) (Fairbanks - flagship/main campus)
- University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA)
- University of Alaska Southeast (UAS)
- University of Arkansas System
- Arkansas State University
- Arkansas Tech University
- University of Central Arkansas (UCA)
- Henderson State University
- Southern Arkansas University (SAU)
- University of California system
- University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley)
- University of California, Davis (UC Davis)
- University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine)
- University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
- University of California, Merced (UC Merced)
- University of California, Riverside (UC Riverside)
- University of California, San Diego (UC San Diego)
- University of California, San Francisco (UCSF)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (UC Santa Barbara)
- University of California, Santa Cruz (UC Santa Cruz)
- University of California, Hastings College of the Law (law school; administered separately from the other UC campuses)
- California State University system
- California State University, Bakersfield (CSUB)
- California State University, Channel Islands (CSUCI or CI)
- California State University, Chico (Chico State)
- California State University, Dominguez Hills (CSUDH)
- California State University, East Bay (CSUEB)
- California State University, Fresno (Fresno State)
- California State University, Fullerton (Fullerton, CSUF, Cal State Fullerton)
- Humboldt State University (HSU)
- California State University, Long Beach (Long Beach State or Cal State Long Beach)
- California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA)
- California Maritime Academy (Cal Maritime, The Academy)
- California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB)
- California State University, Northridge (CSUN, pronounced "C Sun", Cal State Northridge)
- California State Polytechnic University, Pomona (Cal Poly Pomona)
- California State University, Sacramento (Sacramento State)
- California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB)
- San Diego State University (SDSU, San Diego State)
- San Francisco State University (SFSU)
- San Jose State University (SJSU, San Jose State)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (Cal Poly San Luis Obispo or Cal Poly SLO)
- California State University, San Marcos (CSUSM)
- Sonoma State University (SSU)
- California State University, Stanislaus (Stan State)
- Adams State University
- University of Colorado system
- University of Colorado Boulder (Colorado or CU) (Boulder - flagship/main campus)
- University of Colorado Colorado Springs (CU-Colorado Springs)
- University of Colorado Denver (CU-Denver)
- Colorado Mesa University
- Colorado School of Mines
- Colorado State University system
- Colorado State University (Colorado State) (Fort Collins - flagship/main campus)
- Colorado State University–Pueblo (CSU-Pueblo)
- CSU–Global Campus (CSU–Global) - online only
- Fort Lewis College
- Metropolitan State University of Denver
- University of Northern Colorado
- Western State Colorado University (WSCU)
- Connecticut State University System
- University of Connecticut system
- University of Connecticut (UConn) (Storrs - flagship/main campus)
- UConn Avery Point Campus in Groton
- UConn Graduate Business Campus in Hartford
- UConn Greater Hartford Campus in West Hartford (The campus will be moving to downtown Hartford in the fall of 2016.)
- UConn Stamford Campus in Stamford
- UConn Torrington Campus in Torrington
- UConn Waterbury Campus in Waterbury
Florida
- State University System of Florida
- Florida A&M University (Florida A&M)
- Florida Atlantic University (FAU)
- Florida Gulf Coast University (FGCU)
- Florida International University (FIU) (includes Intercontinental, Hult, Crown, and Richmond Universities abroad)
- Florida Polytechnic University (Florida Poly or FPU)
- Florida State University (FSU)
- New College of Florida
- University of Central Florida (UCF)
- University of Florida (UF) (Gainesville - flagship/main campus)
- University of North Florida (UNF)
- University of South Florida (USF)
- University of West Florida (UWF)
- University System of Georgia
- Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College
- Albany State University
- Armstrong State University
- Atlanta Metropolitan State College
- Augusta University
- Bainbridge State College
- Clayton State University
- College of Coastal Georgia
- Columbus State University
- Dalton State College
- East Georgia State College
- Fort Valley State University
- University of Georgia (UGA)
- Georgia College and State University
- Georgia Gwinnett College
- Georgia Highlands College
- Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech)
- Georgia Southern University
- Georgia Southwestern State University (GSW)
- Georgia State University (GSU)
- Gordon State College
- Kennesaw State University
- Middle Georgia State University
- University of North Georgia (UNG)
- Savannah State University
- South Georgia State College (SGSC)
- Valdosta State University (VSU)
- University of West Georgia (UWG)
- University of Hawaii system
- University of Hawaii at Manoa (Hawaii or UH) (Manoa - flagship/main campus)
- University of Hawaii at Hilo
- University of Hawaii at West Oahu
- Boise State University (Boise State or BSU)
- University of Idaho (U of I or UI)
- Idaho State University (Idaho State or ISU)
- Lewis-Clark State College
- Chicago State University (Chicago State)
- Eastern Illinois University (EIU)
- Governors State University
- Illinois State University (Illinois State)
- University of Illinois system
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (Illinois) (Urbana and Champaign - flagship/main campus)
- University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC)
- University of Illinois at Springfield (UI-Springfield)
- Northeastern Illinois University
- Northern Illinois University (NIU)
- Southern Illinois University system
- Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIU) (Carbondale - flagship/main campus)
- Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE, pronounced "SIU E")
- Western Illinois University (WIU)
- Ball State University
- Indiana University System
- Indiana University Bloomington (Indiana or IU) (Bloomington - flagship/main campus)
- Indiana University East
- Indiana University Kokomo (IUK)
- Indiana University Northwest
- Indiana University South Bend (IUSB)
- Indiana University Southeast
- Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) (IU appoints chancellor; joint academics with Purdue)
- Indiana State University (ISU)
- Purdue University system
- Purdue University (West Lafayette - flagship/main campus)
- Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW) - (Purdue appoints chancellor; joint academics with IU)
- Purdue University Calumet
- Purdue University North Central
- University of Southern Indiana (USI)
- University of Iowa (Iowa)
- Iowa State University (ISU)
- University of Northern Iowa (UNI)
- Emporia State University
- Fort Hays State University
- University of Kansas (Kansas or KU)
- Kansas State University (K-State or KSU)
- Pittsburg State University
- Wichita State University
Kentucky
- Eastern Kentucky University (EKU)
- University of Kentucky (Kentucky or UK)
- Kentucky State University
- University of Louisville (Louisville, U of L, or UL)
- Morehead State University
- Murray State University
- Northern Kentucky University (NKU)
- Western Kentucky University (WKU)
- Louisiana State University System
- Louisiana State University and A&M College (LSU) (Baton Rouge - flagship/main campus)
- Louisiana State University at Alexandria (LSU-Alexandria)
- Louisiana State University at Eunice (LSU-Eunice)
- Louisiana State University in Shreveport (LSU-Shreveport)
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
- Paul M. Hebert Law Center (law school on the main Baton Rouge campus)
- University of Louisiana System
- Grambling State University (GSU)
- Louisiana Tech University (Louisiana Tech or La Tech)
- McNeese State University (MSU)
- Nicholls State University
- Northwestern State University (NSULA)
- Southeastern Louisiana University (SELU)
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette (UL Lafayette)
- University of Louisiana at Monroe (ULM)
- University of New Orleans (UNO)
- Southern University System
- Southern University (Baton Rouge - flagship/main campus)
- Southern University at New Orleans (SUNO)
- Southern University at Shreveport (SUSLA)
- Maine Maritime Academy
- University of Maine System
- University of Maine (Maine) (Orono - flagship/main campus)
- University of Maine Law School
- University of Maine at Augusta (UMaine Augusta, UM-Augusta, or UMA)
- University of Maine at Farmington (UMaine Farmington, UM-Farmington, or UMF)
- University of Maine at Fort Kent (UMaine Fort Kent, UM-Fort Kent, or UMFK)
- University of Maine at Machias (UMaine Machias, UM-Machias, or UMM, pronounced "UM M")
- University of Maine at Presque Isle (UMaine Presque Isle, UM-Presque Isle, or UMPI, pronounced "UM PI")
- University of Southern Maine (Southern Maine or USM)
- Morgan State University
- St. Mary's College of Maryland
- University System of Maryland
- University of Maryland, College Park (Maryland, UMCP, or UMD) (College Park - flagship/main campus)
- Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (VMRCVM) (constituent college of both the University of Maryland, College Park and Virginia Tech; independent of the University System of Maryland)
- Bowie State University
- Coppin State University
- Frostburg State University
- Salisbury University
- Towson University (Towson)
- University of Baltimore (UB)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (UM Baltimore or UMB)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC)
- University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES)
- University of Maryland University College (UMUC)
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science
- University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute
- University of Maryland, College Park (Maryland, UMCP, or UMD) (College Park - flagship/main campus)
- University of Massachusetts system
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) (Amherst - flagship/main campus)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass Boston)
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth (UMass Dartmouth)
- University of Massachusetts Lowell (UMass Lowell)
- University of Massachusetts Medical School
- State University system
- Central Michigan University (CMU)
- Eastern Michigan University (EMU)
- Ferris State University (Ferris State)
- Grand Valley State University (Grand Valley State or GVSU)
- Lake Superior State University
- University of Michigan system
- University of Michigan (Michigan) (Ann Arbor - flagship/main campus)
- University of Michigan-Dearborn
- University of Michigan-Flint
- Michigan State University (Michigan State)
- Michigan Technological University (Michigan Tech)
- Northern Michigan University (NMU)
- Oakland University
- Saginaw Valley State University
- Wayne State University
- Western Michigan University (WMU)
- Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (Listed below are the state universities. The MnSCU also includes the state's community colleges.)
- University of Minnesota System
- Alcorn State University
- Delta State University (Delta State)
- Jackson State University (Jackson State)
- Mississippi State University (Mississippi State)
- Mississippi University for Women (MUW)
- Mississippi Valley State University
- University of Mississippi (Ole Miss)
- University of Southern Mississippi (Southern Miss or USM)
- University of Central Missouri (UCM)
- Harris-Stowe State University
- Lincoln University of Missouri
- University of Missouri System
- University of Missouri (Missouri or Mizzou) (Columbia - flagship/main campus)
- University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC)
- Missouri University of Science and Technology (S&T)
- University of Missouri–St. Louis (UMSL)
- Missouri Southern State University
- Missouri State University
- Missouri Western State University
- Northwest Missouri State University
- Southeast Missouri State University
- Truman State University
- Montana University System (Listed below are the state universities. The MUS also includes the state's community, technical, and tribal colleges.)
- Montana State University System
- Montana State University (Montana State) (Bozeman - flagship/main campus)
- Montana State University Billings (Billings)
- Montana State University–Northern (Havre)
- University of Montana System
- University of Montana (Montana) (Missoula - flagship/main campus)
- Montana Tech of The University of Montana (Butte)
- University of Montana Western (Dillon)
- Montana State University System
- Nebraska State College System
- University of Nebraska system
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln (Nebraska) (Lincoln - flagship/main campus)
- University of Nebraska at Kearney
- University of Nebraska at Omaha
- University of Nebraska Medical Center
- Nevada System of Higher Education
- University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) (Reno - flagship/main campus)
- College of Southern Nevada (community college; in addition to associate's degrees, offers a bachelor's degree program)
- Great Basin College (community college; in addition to associate degrees, offers a few bachelor's degrees)
- Nevada State College
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)
- Western Nevada College (community college; in addition to associate degrees, offers a bachelor's degree program)
- University System of New Hampshire
- Granite State College
- Keene State College
- Plymouth State University
- University of New Hampshire (UNH) (flagship/main campus)
- The College of New Jersey
- Kean University
- Montclair State University
- New Jersey City University
- New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)
- Ramapo College of New Jersey
- Stockton University
- Rowan University
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine (from dissolved University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ))
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University (established in partnership with Cooper Health System in 2009)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey system
- Rutgers University (Rutgers) (New Brunswick and Piscataway - flagship/main campus)
- Rutgers–Newark
- Rutgers–Camden
- Rutgers Schools of Biomedical and Health Sciences (from dissolved University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ))
- Thomas Edison State College
- William Paterson University of New Jersey
- University of New Mexico (New Mexico or UNM)
- New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (New Mexico Tech)
- New Mexico State University (NMSU)
- New Mexico Highlands University
- Eastern New Mexico University (ENMU)
- Western New Mexico University (WNMU)
- State University of New York (SUNY) system
- University centers
- University at Albany, State University of New York (University at Albany, UAlbany, or Albany)
- Binghamton University
- The State University of New York at Buffalo (University at Buffalo)
- Stony Brook University (Stony Brook)
- Other doctoral-granting institutions
- Health Science Center Brooklyn
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University
- State University of New York Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Poly)
- New York State College of Ceramics (contract college at Alfred University)
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (contract college at Cornell University)
- College of Human Ecology (contract college at Cornell University)
- College of Veterinary Medicine (contract college at Cornell University)
- School of Industrial and Labor Relations (contract college at Cornell University)
- State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry
- State University of New York State College of Optometry
- Comprehensive colleges
- Buffalo State College
- Empire State College
- State University of New York at Brockport (SUNY Brockport)
- State University of New York at Cortland (SUNY Cortland)
- State University of New York at Fredonia (SUNY Fredonia)
- State University of New York at Geneseo (SUNY Geneseo)
- State University of New York at New Paltz (SUNY New Paltz)
- State University of New York at Old Westbury (SUNY Old Westbury)
- State University of New York at Oneonta (SUNY Oneonta)
- State University of New York at Oswego (SUNY Oswego)
- State University of New York at Plattsburgh (SUNY Plattsburgh)
- State University of New York at Potsdam (SUNY Potsdam)
- State University of New York at Purchase (SUNY Purchase)
- Technology colleges
- Alfred State College
- Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) (a SUNY community college; in addition to associate's degrees, also offers bachelor's and master's degrees)
- State University of New York at Canton (SUNY Canton)
- State University of New York at Cobleskill (SUNY Cobleskill)
- State University of New York at Delhi (SUNY Delhi)
- State University of New York at Farmingdale (SUNY Farmingdale)
- Morrisville State College
- State University of New York Maritime College (SUNY Maritime)
- University centers
- City University of New York (CUNY) system
- Colleges
- Graduate and professional schools
- University of North Carolina system
- Appalachian State University (Appalachian State or App State)
- East Carolina University (ECU)
- Elizabeth City State University
- Fayetteville State University
- North Carolina A&T State University (North Carolina A&T)
- North Carolina Central University (North Carolina Central or NCCU)
- North Carolina State University (North Carolina State, NC State, NCSU)
- University of North Carolina at Asheville (UNC Asheville or UNCA)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC Chapel Hill or UNC)
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte (UNC Charlotte or Charlotte)
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNC Greensboro or UNCG)
- University of North Carolina at Pembroke (UNC Pembroke)
- University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNC Wilmington or UNCW)
- University of North Carolina School of the Arts (UNC School of the Arts)
- Western Carolina University (WCU)
- Winston-Salem State University
- North Dakota University System (Listed below are the state universities. The NDUS also includes the state's community colleges.)
- Northern Marianas College (community college; offers associate's degrees and a Bachelor of Science in Education degrees)
- University System of Ohio
- University of Akron (Akron)
- Bowling Green State University (BGSU)
- BGSU Firelands (Huron)
- Central State University
- University of Cincinnati system
- University of Cincinnati (Cincinnati, Cincy, or UC) (Cincinnati - flagship/main campus)
- University of Cincinnati, Clermont College (Batavia)
- University of Cincinnati, Raymond Walters College (Blue Ash)
- Cleveland State University
- Kent State University system
- Miami University system
- Miami University (Oxford - flagship/main campus)
- Miami University Hamilton
- Miami University Middletown
- Miami University Dolibois European Center (Differdange, Luxembourg)
- The Ohio State University system
- Ohio University system
- Ohio University (Ohio) (Athens - flagship/main campus)
- Ohio University Chillicothe
- Ohio University Eastern (St. Clairsville)
- Ohio University Lancaster
- Ohio University Pickerington (part of Lancaster Campus)
- Ohio University Proctorville (part of Southern Campus)
- Ohio University Southern (Ironton)
- Ohio University Zanesville
- Shawnee State University
- University of Toledo
- Wright State University
- Youngstown State University
- Cameron University
- University of Central Oklahoma (Central Oklahoma or UCO)
- East Central University
- Langston University
- Northeastern State University
- Northwestern Oklahoma State University
- University of Oklahoma system
- University of Oklahoma (Oklahoma) (Norman - flagship/main campus)
- University of Oklahoma-Tulsa
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
- Oklahoma Panhandle State University
- Oklahoma State University System
- Rogers State University
- University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma
- Southeastern Oklahoma State University
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University
- University of Oregon (Oregon or UO)
- Oregon Health and Science University (Oregon Health or OHSU)
- Oregon State University (Oregon State or OSU)
- Portland State University (Portland State or PSU)
- Eastern Oregon University (EOU)
- Oregon Institute of Technology (Oregon Tech or OIT)
- Southern Oregon University (SOU)
- Western Oregon University (WOU)
The 14 universities in PaSSHE are state-owned. They are directly governed by gubernatorial appointees sitting on the PaSSHE Board of Governors. Each university also has an independent Council of Trustees appointed by the Commonwealth's governor.
- State-owned universities:
- Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania
- California University of Pennsylvania
- Cheyney University of Pennsylvania
- Clarion University of Pennsylvania
- Clarion University of Pennsylvania, Venango
- East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania
- Edinboro University of Pennsylvania
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP)
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Academy of Culinary Arts
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Armstrong (IUP-Armstrong)
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Northpointe (IUP-Northpointe)
- Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Punxsutawney (IUP-Punxsutawney)
- Kutztown University of Pennsylvania
- Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania
- Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania, Clearfield
- Mansfield University of Pennsylvania
- Millersville University of Pennsylvania
- Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania
- Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania
- West Chester University of Pennsylvania
Universities of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education receive public funds and reduce tuition for residents of Pennsylvania. Gubernatorial appointees are always a minority of their respective governing boards.
- State-related institutions:
- Lincoln University
- Pennsylvania State University (Penn State or PSU) (a multi-college campus administered at University Park) (University Park - flagship/main campus)
- Penn State Abington (PSU-Abingdon)
- Penn State Altoona (PSU-Altoona)
- Penn State Berks (PSU-Berks)
- Penn State Beaver (PSU-Beaver)
- Penn State Brandywine (PSU-Brandywine)
- Penn State DuBois (PSU-DuBois)
- Penn State Fayette, The Eberly Campus (PSU-Fayette)
- Penn State Erie, The Behrend College (PSU-Erie or Behrend)
- Penn State Greater Allegheny (PSU-Greater Allegheny)
- Penn State Harrisburg (PSU-Harrisburg)
- Penn State Hazleton (PSU-Hazleton)
- Penn State Lehigh Valley (PSU-Lehigh Valley)
- Penn State Mont Alto (PSU-Mont Alto)
- Penn State New Kensington (PSU-New Kensington)
- Penn State Schuylkill (PSU-Schuylkill)
- Penn State Shenango (PSU-Shenango)
- Penn State Wilkes-Barre (PSU-Wilkes-Barre)
- Penn State Worthington Scranton (PSU-Worthington/Scranton)
- Penn State York (PSU-York)
- Pennsylvania State University's special mission colleges
- Temple University (Temple or TU)
- Temple University Ambler (TU-Ambler)
- University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh or Pitt)
- University of Pittsburgh at Bradford (Pittsburgh-Bradford)
- University of Pittsburgh at Greensburg (Pittsburgh-Greensburg)
- University of Pittsburgh at Johnstown (Pittsburgh-Johnstown)
- University of Pittsburgh at Titusville (Pittsburgh-Titusville)
- University of Puerto Rico system
- University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras (UPR-RP) (Rio Piedras - flagship/main campus)
- University of Puerto Rico at Aguadilla (UPRAG)
- University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo (UPRA)
- University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón (UPRB)
- University of Puerto Rico at Carolina (UPRC)
- University of Puerto Rico at Cayey (UPR-Cayey)
- University of Puerto Rico at Humacao (UPRH)
- University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM)
- University of Puerto Rico at Ponce (UPRP)
- University of Puerto Rico at Utuado (UPRU)
- University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus (UPR-CM)
- School of Plastic Arts of Puerto Rico
- Conservatory of Music of Puerto Rico
- Rhode Island College (RIC)
- University of Rhode Island system
- University of Rhode Island (Rhode Island or URI) (Kingston - flagship/main campus)
- URI Feinstein Campus, Providence
- URI Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett
- URI W. Alton Jones Campus, West Greenwich
- The Citadel
- Clemson University
- Coastal Carolina University (Coastal Carolina or CCU)
- College of Charleston (Charleston or CofC)
- Francis Marion University
- Lander University
- Medical University of South Carolina
- University of South Carolina System
- University of South Carolina (Carolina, USC, or SCar) (Columbia - flagship/main campus)
- University of South Carolina Aiken (USC-Aiken)
- University of South Carolina Beaufort (USC-Beaufort)
- University of South Carolina Lancaster (USC-Lancaster)
- University of South Carolina Salkehatchie (USC-Salkehatchie)
- University of South Carolina Sumter (USC-Sumter)
- University of South Carolina Union (USC-Union)
- University of South Carolina Upstate (USC-Upstate or Upstate)
- South Carolina State University (SCSU)
- Winthrop University (WU)
- Black Hills State University
- Dakota State University
- Northern State University
- University of South Dakota (South Dakota or USD)
- South Dakota School of Mines & Technology (South Dakota School of Mines, South Dakota Tech, or SDSM&T, pronounced "SDSM and T")
- South Dakota State University (South Dakota State)
- Tennessee Board of Regents (Listed below are the state universities. The TBR also includes the state's community colleges and technology centers.)
- University of Memphis (U of M) (Memphis - flagship/main campus)
- Austin Peay State University (Austin Peay or APSU)
- East Tennessee State University (ETSU)
- Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU)
- Tennessee State University (TSU)
- Tennessee Technological University (Tennessee Tech or TTU)
- University of Tennessee System (UT, UTC, and UT Martin are primary campuses of the UT System, whereas the UTHSC and the Space Institute are two other educational campuses.)
- University of Tennessee at Knoxville (UT Knoxville, UTK, or UT) (Knoxville - flagship/main campus)
- University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (UT Chattanooga or UTC)
- University of Tennessee at Martin (UT Martin)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC or UT Medical School) (Memphis)
- University of Tennessee Space Institute (UT Space Institute) (Tullahoma)
- University of Houston System
- Midwestern State University
- University of North Texas System
- Stephen F. Austin State University
- The University of Texas System
- Academic institutions
- The University of Texas (Austin - flagship/main campus)
- The University of Texas at Arlington
- The University of Texas at Dallas
- The University of Texas at El Paso
- The University of Texas of the Permian Basin
- The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
- The University of Texas at San Antonio
- The University of Texas at Tyler
- Health institutions
- Academic institutions
- Texas A&M University System
- Texas A&M University (College Station, Galveston, Doha -flagship/main campus)
- Prairie View A&M University
- Tarleton State University
- Texas A&M International University
- Texas A&M University–Central Texas
- Texas A&M University–Commerce
- Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi
- Texas A&M University–Kingsville
- Texas A&M University–San Antonio
- Texas A&M University–Texarkana
- West Texas A&M University
- Texas Southern University
- Texas State University System
- Texas Tech University System
- Texas Woman's University
- Utah System of Higher Education
- Dixie State University (Dixie State)
- Southern Utah University (Southern Utah or SUU)
- University of Utah (Utah, U of U, or UU)
- Utah State University (Utah State or USU)
- Utah Valley University (Utah Valley or UVU)
- Weber State University (Weber State)
- Vermont State Colleges (Listed below are the state universities. The VSC also includes the state's community college and technical college.)
- Castleton University (Castleton State or Castleton)
- Johnson State College
- Lyndon State College
- University of Vermont (UVM)
- Christopher Newport University (CNU)
- Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS)
- George Mason University (GMU)
- James Madison University (JMU)
- Longwood University
- University of Mary Washington (Mary Washington or UMW, pronounced "UM W")
- Norfolk State University
- Old Dominion University (Old Dominion or ODU)
- Radford University
- University of Virginia (UVA)
- University of Virginia's College at Wise (UVA at Wise or UVA-Wise)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU)
- Virginia Military Institute (VMI)
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech)
- Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine (a constituent of both Virginia Tech and the University of Maryland, College Park)
- Virginia State University
- The College of William & Mary (William and Mary)
- University of the Virgin Islands system
- University of the Virgin Islands - St. Croix campus (UVI-St. Croix)
- University of the Virgin Islands - St. Thomas campus (UVI-St. Thomas)
- Central Washington University (CWU)
- Eastern Washington University (EWU)
- The Evergreen State College
- University of Washington system
- University of Washington (Washington or UW) (Seattle - flagship/main campus)
- UW Tacoma campus (see University of Washington Tacoma)
- UW Bothell campus
- Washington State University system
- Washington State University (Wazzu or WSU) (Pullman - flagship/main campus)
- WSU Spokane campus (WSU-Spokane or Spokane)
- WSU Tri-Cities campus (WSU-Tri-Cities or Tri-Cities)
- WSU Vancouver campus (WSU-Vancouver or Vancouver)
- Western Washington University (WWU)
- Bluefield State College
- Concord University
- Fairmont State University
- Glenville State College
- Marshall University
- Shepherd University
- West Liberty University
- West Virginia University system
- West Virginia University (WVU) (Morgantown - flagship/main campus)
- Potomac State College of West Virginia University (Potomac State College or Potomac State) (community college; in addition to associate's degrees, offers a bachelor's degree program)
- West Virginia University Institute of Technology (WVU Tech or West Virginia Tech)
- West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine
- West Virginia State University (WVSU)
- University of Wisconsin System
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (Wisconsin) (Madison - flagship/main campus)
- University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire
- University of Wisconsin–Green Bay
- University of Wisconsin–La Crosse
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh
- University of Wisconsin–Parkside
- University of Wisconsin–Platteville
- University of Wisconsin–River Falls
- University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point
- University of Wisconsin–Stout
- University of Wisconsin–Superior
- University of Wisconsin–Whitewater
If we take a broad look at what these Wall Street privatization of our public universities will look like just think about what we read in the media about how the affluent NYC parents fight/undermine/pay tons of money just to get their children into the best pre-K---then the best grade school----then the best high school prep----to ultimately get into the best Ivy League. This is what global neo-liberal education is and this is exactly what Asian nations with International Economic Zones have had to put up with as their only pathway through schools. Those wealth parents in the US are those striving to be that 2% to the 1% and these schools are what will be left for 99% of citizens to compete to enter. Add to this the recruitment to foreign students and we see without strong public universities for WE THE PEOPLE----we will not be able to climb the ONE WORLD ECONOMIC LADDER.
The real estate upon which our public universities is tremendously valuable if one looks at what a GLOBAL COSMOPOLITAN city looks like. BAltimore City Center filled with the global 1% and their 2% will eclipse a University of Maryland Medical Center----a Morgan State/Coppin State/University of Baltimore. These properties are too valuable to remain public say the 1% Wall Street. Most of our public universities are right downtown in US cities deemed International Economic Zones. They will be re-purposed and enfolded into IVY LEAGUE corporate campuses.
'While the universal pre-school program sounds like a good idea, if you happen to be among the 15 percent asked to travel forty blocks or even to another borough, the promise of universal pre-K isn’t so universal'.
If we know Obama and Clinton Wall Street global corporate neo-liberals then we know they are posing progressive with this UNIVERSAL FREE PRE-K -----DE BLASIO SOLD AS A SOCIAL PROGRESSIVE WAS ALWAYS A CLINTON NEO-LIBERAL. We cannot really expect much from ground zero Wall Street with NYC but we MUST STAND STRONG on making these policies meant to be public -----be installed as public. What Obama was doing of course was yet again moving the 99% out of US city centers and using those pre-K funds to build for-profit pre-K schools that will soak the parents just as before. Baltimore's public school system ---what is left of it---has operated like this for decades----schools being used as development tools---
AGAIN, IF REPUBLICAN VOTERS DO NOT DROP RACE AND CLASS THE 99% OF AMERICANS WILL LOSE ALL ACCESS TO A STRONG PUBLIC PRE-K-UNIVERSITY EDUCATION PATHWAY.
We already know the only pre-K structures that will actually remain will be those in city centers charging $20,000 per student because---that is what Wall Street global corporate neo-liberal education looks like around the world.
Those parents partnering with private pre-Ks will see that funding used to expand what will be a corporate structure that will disappear as regards affordability---as will this Congressional funding for pre-K.
City Parents Disgruntled Over De Blasio’s Pre-K Program, Some Forced To Travel An Hour To Get To School
May 9, 2016 5:40 PM
Filed Under: Bill de Blasio, Emily Smith, universal pre-K
2NEW YORK (CBSNewYork)– Mayor Bill de Blasio’s universal pre-kindergarten program is going into its third year and promises a free seat for every city child.
In past years, the program received complaints from parents who were told things would be smoother this year, CBS2’s Emily Smith reports.
The first round of letters went out to parents telling them which school their child will be placed in, but some families are calling the program a joke.
For a New York City family to send a child to private pre-school, it costs $20,000 a year and up.
So when Jacqueline Taylor saw de Blasio’s 2013 campaign to provide free pre-school for all four-year-olds, she felt confident her growing family could continue to live in Manhattan.
“We really banked on this universal pre-K system because everyone in New York City is promised a seat,” she said.
However, the Department of Education sent letters this month telling families whether their top 12 choices could be accommodated. Taylor not only got rejected from all schools near her Upper West Side home, but was told her son Benjamin would have to travel an hour to Brooklyn to go to pre-school.
“I thought my son would get to go to school next year but he can’t, so he will stay home with me and the baby,” Taylor said.
Countless others tell similar stories of four-year-olds slotted for schools two city miles away.
“We got a spot on West 44th Street in a different district which is forcing us to pay another year… [It’s costing us] roughly $30,000,” Upper West Side parent David Miller said.
“We would just be out of luck and we are middle-class and we can’t afford to put her in an all day pre-K next year,” Upper West Side parent Julianna Parmenter said.
According to DOE, 85 percent of families received an offer to one of their top three free high-quality pre-kindergarten programs.
Lydia Budianto feels lucky to get her first choice school. She’s been paying $20,000 a year for her three-year-old to go to Play Together NYC private daycare. Now her son will remain at the same school for free.
The owner of Budianto’s pre-school said the city offered her $10,000 a child to go part-public and open slots to universal pre-K. Those who have been there for the toddler daycare program get first priority.
“They are actively trying to partner with more and more private schools like mine…. that’s a solution,” pre-school director Nyla Kamlet said.
While the universal pre-school program sounds like a good idea, if you happen to be among the 15 percent asked to travel forty blocks or even to another borough, the promise of universal pre-K isn’t so universal.
City officials insist that a child would never be placed in another borough but CBS2 found at least two cases of that happening. A city spokesperson also told CBS2 that a parent can apply for any upcoming available seat in round two, and there’s also an outreach team to help families find the best program for them.
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We know the goal of US cities as Foreign Economic Zones is to bring to these US cities the rich from around the world....the 1% and their 2%. NYC was our one US cosmopolitan city for centuries----these few decades have seen Chicago,LA, and San Francisco brought into this fold. What Obama and Clinton neo-liberals have as a goal is making all US cities these same global cosmopolitan cities. Extreme wealth in city centers surrounded by extreme poverty outside. When Wall Street global pols PRETEND they are passing and funding policies aimed at the poor or working class it never has anything to do with these citizens. It always has to do with building structures for corporations and the rich. US city centers were allowed to decay and 1% Wall Street need all kinds of private education corporations inside city centers to serve and soak incoming global rich. That is what pre-K funding is---and this should open our eyes to the dismantling of all our public universities---
GET RID OF WALL STREET GLOBAL POLS----ALL BALTIMORE POLS ARE CLINTON/BUSH/OBAMA WALL STREET PLAYERS.
We cannot rebuild a developed nation, American working and middle-class if we allow these US cities as foreign economic zone policies continue. BLACK , WHITE, OR BROWN CITIZEN ---IT IS BAD EDUCATION POLICY.
San Francisco is top locale for California's ultra-wealthy
Dec 3, 2014, 7:30am PST Updated Dec 3, 2014, 9:44am PST
Industries & Tags
Marlize van Romburgh Special Projects Editor San Francisco Business TimesThere's rich, there's richer — and then there's really, really, really, really rich.
The Golden State has the largest number of ultra-wealthy people — those with $30 million or more in net assets — in the United States.
Enlarge The Golden Gate Bridge seen from a home on Belvedere Island in Marin County. California… more
David Paul Morris | Bloomberg
And they're mostly in San Francisco and Los Angeles.
The figures come from the latest Wealth-X Special Report on America's Ultra Wealthy Population. But New York City is still the city with the largest ultra-wealthy population in the U.S. — and actually the world. (But hey, San Francisco is still more expensive.)
[Scroll down for a video presentation of the report.]
An estimated 5,460 super-rich people are based in San Francisco, slightly topping Los Angeles, which has 5,135. The two cities alone make up a considerable chunk of the estimated 13,445 ultra-high-net-worth people living in California, the report said. (Fun fact: California's super-rich population is larger than the entire high-net-worth population of the United Kingdom, 11,510).
The U.S. is also home to the largest population of billionaires, with 571. There are an estimated 2,325 billionaires around the world.
Photos: 10 most expensive San Francisco homes sold (so far) in 2014
The state of New York ranks second in the U.S., with 9,530 super-wealthy people calling the Empire State home, Wealth-X said. (A whopping 91 percent of them live in the Big Apple itself.)
And the two states are adding more rich residents by the day: California added 865 ultra-wealthy people to its population this year, while New York added 585.
Is North Dakota the future home of the U.S.' uber wealthy? The state's ultra-high-net-worth population grew 14.3 percent this year, likely as a result of new-found oil riches.
Florida's super-wealthy population grew 10 percent this year, with almost 500 residents joining those elite ranks. Michigan added almost 200 new high-net-worth residents.
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As we see below, admissions are falling as international applicants are given equal footing to Americans in these global corporate IVY LEAGUE universities. If we allow our public universities to be dismantled and only these IVY LEAGUE research universities remain and expand in our cities----there will only be room for a global 1% and their 2%---in the world of ONE WORLD 1% WALL STREET THE FEWER WORLD CITIZENS WITH WEALTH THE BETTER!
'We are often asked by prospective students, “Do you count me as an international applicant?” Because applicants from outside the United States go through the same admissions process as American students, we do not categorize individual applicants in such a way. We have no quotas of any kind for admission, all applications are evaluated by the same criteria, and financial aid is equally available to all students regardless of citizenship.
When we refer to “international admissions,” we are generally referring to applicants who apply from schools outside the United States. In general, if you are applying from a school abroad, you will follow the same procedures and timetables as candidates applying from schools located in the United States'.
We are already seeing these several years this transition to global student body even in University of Maryland College Park and system. After the coming economic crash from bond market fraud----the recruiting overseas will heighten as the American citizens fall into deeper poverty.
OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES ARE LOSING FUNDING FOR TWO REASONS----OBAMA AND CLINTON NEO-LIBERALS CHANGED THE FEDERAL FUNDING TO PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES MAKING IT HARDER FOR OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES NOT RECEIVING THE HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS IN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FACILITY FUNDING TO STAY OPEN. SECOND, CITIES AND STATES ARE NOT RECEIVING ANY TAXES FROM CORPORATIONS AND THE RICH AND SUBSIDIZING BOTH----AND THIS IS THE POLICY THAT NEEDS TO BE REVERSED.
Each state and US city has plenty of revenue resources to keep our public universities as well as public K-12 open and strong---we simply need to reverse the give-aways to Wall Street frauds and corporate development.
The American people have never worried about people getting rich----about private universities and their global ambitions----we surely welcome our foreign students to our US universities. WE THE PEOPLE are standing firm on retaining these public education structures geared towards advancing the US working/middle-class, and poor.
By Aimee Picchi MoneyWatch April 1, 2015, 4:04 PM
Harvard's acceptance rate dips to record low
Harvard has always been selective, but this year's chance of receiving an acceptance letter was the slimmest ever.
Just 5.3 percent of this year's 37,307 applicants to Harvard received an admissions letter, the college said on Wednesday. That's a record low for the Ivy League institution, which last year had a 5.9 percent acceptance rate. Other Ivy League colleges announced their acceptance rates after sending out their admissions notifications at 5 p.m. on Tuesday.
Other Ivy League colleges also posted low acceptance rates, with Columbia University posting a record low 6.1 percent admissions rate. The slimmer chance of acceptance comes as top colleges are increasingly marketing themselves to high-achieving seniors, causing some college counselors to criticize the efforts as "misleading" since it raises hopes that are likely to be dashed given the difficult entry statistics.
Many applicants to Harvard had "strong academic credentials," admissions director Marlyn E. McGrath said in a statement. More than 16,000 of the applicants scored above 700 on the SAT math test, for instance, while 3,000 were ranked first in their high school classes.
Given that Harvard and other Ivy League schools are viewed as a ticket to gaining a higher step on the socio-economic ladder, a huge industry has grown up around preparing high school students to make the best presentation to admissions officials. Aside from SAT prep classes and the like, there are special coaches who, for small fortunes, will help make students into ideal candidates.
Take the case of Steven Ma, the founder of tutoring center ThinkTank. He told Bloomberg Markets that a Hong Kong CEO agreed to pay his company $1.1 million if his son got into the top-ranked college in U.S. News' 2012 rankings, which at the time was a tie between Harvard and Princeton. The son didn't make the cut, but ended up going to Syracuse University, earning Ma $400,000 for his work.
Cornell University had the highest acceptance rate of all the Ivies, giving the green light to 14.9 percent of all applicants, up from 14 percent in 2014, according to Business Insider. Stanford University, which isn't an Ivy League college, was the most selective of all, with a 5 percent acceptance rate, a record low for the institution.
Most Selective Ivy League Universities | StartClassFor the thousands of students who spend years cultivating the perfect test scores and after-school activities to appeal to Ivy League admissions officers, receiving a rejection can be devastating, even though the acceptance levels are so low that it can seem like a crapshoot to some.
"Sometimes there's no rhyme or reason, or there is and you can't really figure it out," senior Jake Millman, who was waitlisted at Harvard and Stanford but accepted at other schools including Princeton, told Bloomberg News.
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Conservative Republicans and conservative Democrats can agree with social Democrats that naked capitalism has to go ---it is not free market----it is not pro-business growth----it kills our local economies and with it our economic stability.
EVEN HERE WE ARE NOT SEEING THE MENTION OF OUR UNIVERSITIES ONLY TEACHING NEO-LIBERAL ECONOMICS. WE MUST SHAKE UP OUR PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES TO PUSH NEO-LIBERAL ECONOMICS TO THE BACKGROUND. This should be the #1 student campus issue!
'Meanwhile, all those adjunct faculty are far more subject to managerial control and regulation than are tenured professors. Aside from their low cost, that is one of the principal reasons why they are so attractive to university managers'.
OpinionPoverty & Development25 April 2013
The neoliberal assault on academia
The neoliberal sacking of the universities runs much deeper than tuition hikes and budget cuts, notes Barkawi.
Students are increasingly unwilling to take on massive debt for jobs they have little confidence of getting [EPA]
ByTarak Barkawi
Tarak Barkawi is Reader in the Department of International Relations, London School of Economics.
Story highlights
The New York Times, Slate and Al Jazeera have recently drawn attention to the adjunctification of the professoriate in the US. Only 24 per cent of university and college faculty are now tenured or tenure-track.
Much of the coverage has focused on the sub-poverty wages of adjunct faculty, their lack of job security and the growing legions of unemployed and under-employed PhDs. Elsewhere, the focus has been on web-based learning and the massive open online courses (MOOCs), with some commentators celebrating and others lamenting their arrival.
The two developments are not unrelated. Harvard recently asked its alumni to volunteer their time as "online mentors" and "discussion group managers" for an online course.
Fewer professors and fewer qualified - or even paid - teaching assistants will be required in higher education's New Order.
Lost amid the fetishisation of information technology and the pathos of the struggle over proper working conditions for adjunct faculty is the deeper crisis of the academic profession occasioned by neoliberalism. This crisis is connected to the economics of higher education but it is not primarily about that.
The neoliberal sacking of the universities runs much deeper than tuition fee hikes and budget cuts.
Thatcherite budget-cutting exercise
The professions are in part defined by the fact that they are self-governing and self-regulating. For many years now, the professoriate has not only been ceding power to a neoliberal managerial class, but has in many cases been actively collaborating with it.
As a dose of shock capitalism, the 2008 financial crisis accelerated processes already well underway. In successive waves, the crisis has hit each pillar of the American university system. The initial stock market crash blasted the endowments of the prestige private universities. Before long, neoliberal ideologues and their disastrous austerity policies undermined state and eventually federal funding for universities and their research.
Tuition soared and students turned even more to debt financing. Now that bubble is bursting and hitting all the institutions of higher education that depend on tuition. Students are increasingly unwilling to take on massive debt for jobs they have little confidence of getting.
The upshot is to soften the resistance of faculty to change, in part by making people fear for their jobs but mostly by creating a generalised sense of crisis. It becomes all the easier for some academic "leaders" to be drawn up into the recurrent task of "reinventing" the university.
Here is the intersection with neoliberal management culture. Neoliberal managers thrive not by bringing in new resources - since austerity is always the order of the day - but by constantly rearranging the deck chairs. Each manager seeks to reorganise and restructure in order to leave his or her mark. They depart for the next lucrative job before the ship goes under.
One consequence is the mania for mergers of departments and faculties in the US and the UK. In both the university and corporate world, mergers are not only demoralising for staff, but they also break up solidarities and destroy traditions and make staff much more amenable to control from above.
Such projects have little to do with academic excellence or even purposes, and often are self-defeating as the managers and the quislings among the professoriate who assist them have little idea what they are doing.
One of the only things the University of Birmingham was ever known for in the wider world was its Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies. In 2002, the Centre was shut down by fiat in an act of vandalism described as "restructuring". The justification given for this was yet another neoliberal exercise then known as the Research Assessment Exercise, or RAE.
US universities to consider
positive discrimination
In US terms, post-tenure review is an imperfect analogy for the salutary and depressing tale of the RAE. Invented by Margaret Thatcher's government, the basic idea is to rank all the departments in any one discipline and channel funding to the "best" departments, while cutting funding to the rest. The RAE was an assault on the basic idea of a university - the universe of knowledge - since universities would lose poor performing departments.
In neoliberal speak, this may sound very sensible. But imagine what happens to, say, physics and biology students, when, as the University of Exeter did, the chemistry department is shut down. Who will teach them chemistry?
More to the point, how do you judge which is "best"? For this, the RAE needed the willing and active collaboration of the professoriate.
When I first held a UK academic post in the relatively early days of the RAE in the late 1990s, academics talked about it as if it were just some form they had to fill out, an annoying bureaucratic exercise that would not really affect us. Others, academic "leaders", saw it as an opportunity to do down their colleagues in other universities and channel funds to their own departments.
Neoliberal assault on the universities
In this way, the professors themselves helped to administer and legitimate a Thatcherite budget-cutting exercise. Worse, they participated in what they know to be a fiction: that you can rank scholarly research like you can restaurants or hotels so as to determine which departments have the "best" faculty.
Little more than a decade later - and now known as the Research Excellence Framework (REF) - this five-yearly exercise completely dominates UK academic life. It determines hiring patterns, career progression, and status and duties within departments. It organises the research projects of individual scholars so as to meet arbitrary deadlines. It has created space for a whole class of paid consultants who rank scholarship and assist in putting together REF returns.
UK academics regularly talk about each other's work in terms of whether this or that book or article is "three star" or "four star". Again, for those attuned to neoliberal ways of thinking, this may appear natural. But remember that the entire point of university research is conversation and contestation over what is true and right. In the natural sciences, as in the social sciences and humanities, one person's truth is another person's tosh, and valid knowledge emerges from the clash of many different perspectives.
Somehow, UK professors have become intimately bound up in administering and legitimating a government-run exercise that now shapes more of university life than they themselves do. They have actively ceded their power.
US faculty need to keep this travesty in mind.
Something as apparently innocuous as an accreditation agency demanding that syllabi be written in a particular format, or majors justified in a particular way, can wind up empowering university management to intimately regulate teaching. A meaningless buzzword in the mouth of a dean, such as "new majority student", might in practice help legitimate the hiring of less qualified faculty. After all, if "teacher ownership of content" is old fashioned, why do you need to hire a professor who can create his or her own course?
The bottom line of the neoliberal assault on the universities is the increasing power of management and the undermining of faculty self-governance. The real story behind MOOCs may be the ways in which they assist management restructuring efforts of core university practices, under the smiley-faced banner of "open access" and assisted in some cases by their "superstar", camera-ready professors.
Meanwhile, all those adjunct faculty are far more subject to managerial control and regulation than are tenured professors. Aside from their low cost, that is one of the principal reasons why they are so attractive to university managers.
Tarak Barkawi is Associate Professor in the Department of Politics, New School for Social Research.
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